LE RETORNO DEL (SUPER)TRAM, PARTE 6:
Le motores electric linear del "Skytrain":
In ferrovias conventional, le motores propelle le
rotas, le quales per rotar imparti motion al traino.
Le rotas del Skytrain, al contrario, simplemente
supporta le traino e es guidate per le rails. Le
traction es providite per le system LIM (Linear
Induction Motor).
Un rotor normal electric ha essentialmente duo partes,
le rotor, cuje rotation es inducite per le fortias
magnetic generate per le stator.
In le traction per induction linear, le apparato que
corresponde al stator es montate sub le vehiculo,
inter 9 e 15 mm. super un banda metallic inter le
rails, parallel a illos, que corresponde al rotor. Le
fortia generate per le interaction de iste apparatos
propelle le traino.
Le typo de currente usate es alternative. Apparatos
electronic sur le traino varia le frequentia del
currente. Si on augmenta le frequentia, isto accelera
le traino; e si on lo reduce, le traino es retardate.
Il ha nulle transmission, e le frenos es usate
solmente
in emergentia o pro parcamento.
Assi nostre historia del transportation urban, que
ha comenciate per le origine del omnibus a cavallo
in 1819, nos ha ducite al systemas avantiate de
nostre die. Si il ha alicunes inter mi lectores
qui vole plus del thema, io da hic un breve
bibliographia del libros que io ha trovate utile:
Bayman & Jolly, "Docklands Light Railway Official
Handbook", 1988.
Buckley. "History of Tramways from Horse to Rapid
Transit", 1975.
Gilham, J. C. "The Age of the Electric Train", 1988.
Hall, C. "Sheffield Transport", 1977.
"Jane's Urban Transport Systems", (Annual).
Klapper, C. "The Tolden Age of Tramways", 1961.
LRTA. "Light Rail '87", 1987.
LRTA. "Modern Tramway", (Monthly)
Murray, A. "Round the World by Trolleybus", 1981
Oakley, E. "The British Horse Tram Era", 1979.
Passenger Transport Executive Group, "Light Rail
Transit", 1988.
Taplin, M. "Light Rail Transit Today".
Whitcomb, H. "History of the Steam Tram", 1961.
(Iste serie de articulos per Brian P. Sexton esseva
publicate in "Lingua e Vita, No. 62, Januario-april,
1988; No. 63, maio-augusto, 1988; e No. 64,
septembre-decembre, 1988.)
---
THE REUTRN OF THE (SUPER)TRAM, PART 6:
The linear motors of the "Skytrain":
In conventional railroads, the train is propelled
because the wheels are turned by motors, which rotate
because of electro-magnetic forces generated by their
stators.
But in the case of linear motors, the part that
corresponds to the stator is mounted under the vehicle
between nine and fifteen millimeters above a metallic
band between the rails and parallel to them, which
corresponds to the rotor. The force generated by the
interaction between these two parts propels the train.
The system uses alternating current. Electronic
controls on the train vary the frequency of the
current. If the frequency is increased, the train
is accelerated; and if it is reduced, the train
slows down. There is no transmission, and the brakes
are used only in an emergency or to park the train.
This ends our history of urban transport, which
started with the horsecar in 1819 and has led us
to the advanced systems of today. If any of my
readers want further information about all this,
I am appending to this article a brief bibliography
of the books I have found useful.
..............................
Como promover usar le Rete e su ressources
bibliographic public pro incoragiar le uso expandite
de interlingua:
Le dialogos e exercitios de mi curso de conversation
<http://conversationininterlingua.blogspot.com> es un
ressource bibliographic public como "Interlingua
in interlingua" <http://www.geocities.com/hkyson>
e le textos in interlingua de Wikipedia.
Imitante le philosophia de Wikipedia sur le uso
de ressources bibliographic public, vos pote rediger
iste textos como vos vole, forsan combinante los
con altere simile ressources, pro publication
ubicunque in le Rete.
Un maniera excellente de apprender interlingua
vermente ben es compilar vostre proprie anthologia ex
su ressources public, scriber vostre proprie
presentation del grammatica de interlingua, e publicar
vostre effortios in le Rete pro le uso de alteres.
---
Si vos es un studente del anglese, io spera que
le textos in interlingua e anglese que io presenta
in iste sito vos adjuvara in vostre studios. Vos
anque pote adjuvar studentes de vostre lingua native
si vos presenta simile textos bilingue in iste sito.
Vos anque ha le possibilitate de imprimer textos in un
tertie lingua, preparar un version de illos in
interlingua, e finalmente preparar un version de illos
in vostre lingua native.
Tal presentationes demonstra fortemente le avantages
de interlingua como lingua ponte e presentara
ressources multo utile pro studentes del prime lingua
de tal textos trilingue e de vostre lingua native.
---
Ecce duo sitos importante pro studentes de linguas e
del linguistica:
CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS, un organisation cuje
preoccupation principal es trovar lo que es utile pro
le instruction de linguas nove in le linguistica
theoretic e incoragiar le uso de iste information pro
formar manieras plus efficicace de inseniar linguas.
Le sede electronic de iste organisation es
<http://www.cal.org>.
LINGUISTIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA, le organisation
professional pro linguistas academic american. Lor
sede electronic es <http://www.lsadc.org>.
__________________________________
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