(Me placerea multo si un lusophono providerea un
version portugese de iste historia del Brasil, sia
como io lo presenta hic, sia corregite, sia corregite
e augmentate.)
---
Le independentia e le imperio:
In despecto de su distantia de Europa, le politica
Napoleonic habeva un grandissime influentia in le
disveloppamento politic del Brasil. Secundo le
"systema continental" de Napoleon, nulle pais europee
poteva facer commercio con Britannia.
Portugal e Anglaterra habeva essite alliatos durante
multe tempore, e le governamento portugese continuava
su commercio con le angleses. Napoleon respondeva
marchante su truppas verso Lisboa. Con le adjuta
del marina de guerra britannic, omne le familia
regal, su corte, e su functionarios escappava al
Brasil.
Le principe regente, Joćo, que le brsilianos recipeva
con multe enthusiasmo, inaugurava un serie de
reformas: Ille immediatemente recognosceva le
position del Brasil como sede de su imperio e aboleva
le monopolio commercial portugese, aperiente le portos
brasilian al commercio de altere paises.
Post instalar se in Rio de Janeiro, le corte portugese
creava diverse organismos politic, judicial, e
cultural. Le angleses derivava le major beneficios
del novemente liberate commercio, que reduceva le
pression economic sur lor pais causate per su
exclusion per Napoleon ex le commercio europee, e
numerose companias commercial britannic aperiva
officios in le Brasil.
In 1816, le prince regente deveniva le rege Joćo VI
del imperio portugese. Ille habeva un certe
popularitate personal, ma su governamento inspirava
odio a causa de su politicas corrupte e arbitrari.
In 1789 José Joaquim da Silva Xavier (cognoscite como
Tiradentes--un dentista cuje nomine significa
"extractor de dentes") dirigeva le prime rebellion
contra le autoritate portugese. Le portugeses
supprimeva su rebellion e le occideva,
e ille deveniva un heroe national inter le
brasilianos.
In 1817 un gruppo de rebellos proclamava un republica
in Pernambuco, ma le portugeses supprimeva iste
rebellion post tres menses. Le causa principal de
iste rebelliones esseva le severitate del conditiones
de vita pro illes qui non esseva commerciantes o
proprietarios de fazendas.
Durante que Joćo esseva in le Brasil, Portugal passava
per un epocha de convulsion politic. Post le retraite
del franceses, un regentia emergeva que governava le
pais de un maniera tyrannic e arbitrari. In 1820 le
populo portugese revoltava contra le regentia e
convocava le "cortes" (parlamento) pro elaborar un
constitution.
Ben que Joćo amava le Brasil e voleva remaner illac,
le cortes le obligava a retornar a Portugal, e su
filio, Pedro I, deveniva le regente del pais. Le
cortes de Lisboa revocava le reformas introducite al
Brasil e essayava retornar le pais al status quo ante.
Le cortes anque voleva que Pedro I retornava a
Portugal, ma ille refusava, e le 7 de septembre
de 1822 ille proclamava le independentia del Brasil
e esseva declarate imperator del pais. Le Statos
Unite esseva le prime governamento que recognosceva
le nove governamento brasilian in 1824.
In 1825 le portugeses anque recognosceva le
independentia del Brasil a causa del intervention
del angleses, qui voleva mantener lor privilegios
commercial in le pais.
---
Independence and the Empire:
Despite its distance from Europe, Napoleonic policies
had a very heavy influence on the political
development
of Brazil. According to the "continental system"
of Napoleon, no European country could do business
with the British.
Portugal and England had been allies for a long
time, and the Portuguese government continued its
commerce with the British. Napoleon responded by
marching his troops toward Lisbon. With the help
of the British Navy, the entire royal family, its
court, and its officials escaped to Brazil.
The prince regent, Joćo, received with a lot of
enthusiasm by the Brazilians, inaugurated a series of
reforms: He immediately recognized Brazil as the
capital of his empire and abolished Portuguese
mercantilism, opening Brazilian ports to commerce
with other countries.
After settling in Rio de Janeiro, the Portuguese court
created various political, judicial, and cultural
institutions. The English received the heaviest
benefits from the liberalized Portuguese economic
policies, which reduced economic pressure on their
country caused by their exclusion by Napoleon from
European commerce, and numerous British companies
opened their offices in Brazil.
In 1816, the prince regent became King Joćo VI of the
Portuguese empire. He enjoyed a certain personal
popularity, but his government inspired hatred because
of its corrupt and arbitrary policies.
In 1789 José Joaquim da Silva Xavier (known as
"Tiradentes"--a dentist whose name means "tooth
puller") led the first rebellion against Portuguese
authority. The Portuguese put down his rebellion and
killed him, and he became a national hero among the
Brazilians.
In 1817 a group of rebels proclaimed a republic
in Pernambuco, but the Portuguese successfully put
down this rebellion after three months. The principal
cause of these rebellions was the severity of the
living conditions for people who weren't traders
or large landholders.
While Joćo was in Brazil, Portugal went through a
period of political convulsions. After the French
retreated, a regency emerged that governed the country
in a dictatorial and arbitrary fashion. In 1820 the
Portuguese people revolted against the regency and
called into session the "cortes" (parliament) to draft
a new constitution.
While Joćo loved Brazil and wanted to stay there, the
cortes made him return to Portugal, and his son, Pedro
I, became the regent of Brazil. The Lisbon cortes
rescinded the reforms introduced into Brazil and tried
to return the country to the status quo ante.
The cortes also wanted Pedro I to return to Portugal,
but he refused, and on September 7, 1822, he
proclaimed
the independence of Brazil and was declared emperor
of the country. The United States was the first
government to recognize the new Brazilian government
in 1824.
In 1825 the Portuguese also recognized the
independence
of Brazil because of the intervention of the English,
who wanted to maintain their commercial privileges
in that country.
..............................
Como promover usar le Rete e su ressources
bibliographic public pro incoragiar le uso expandite
de interlingua:
Le dialogos e exercitios de mi curso de conversation
<http://conversationininterlingua.blogspot.com> es un
ressource bibliographic public como "Interlingua
in interlingua" <http://www.geocities.com/hkyson>
e le textos in interlingua de Wikipedia.
Imitante le philosophia de Wikipedia sur le uso
de ressources bibliographic public, vos pote rediger
iste textos como vos vole, forsan combinante los
con altere simile ressources, pro publication
ubicunque in le Rete.
Un maniera excellente de apprender interlingua
vermente ben es compilar vostre proprie anthologia ex
su ressources public, scriber vostre proprie
presentation del grammatica de interlingua, e publicar
vostre effortios in le Rete pro le uso de alteres.
---
Si vos es un studente del anglese, io spera que
le textos in interlingua e anglese que io presenta
in iste sito vos adjuvara in vostre studios. Vos
anque pote adjuvar studentes de vostre lingua native
si vos presenta simile textos bilingue in iste sito.
Vos anque ha le possibilitate de imprimer textos in un
tertie lingua, preparar un version de illos in
interlingua, e finalmente preparar un version de illos
in vostre lingua native.
Tal presentationes demonstra fortemente le avantages
de interlingua como lingua ponte e presentara
ressources multo utile pro studentes del prime lingua
de tal textos trilingue e de vostre lingua native.
---
Ecce duo sitos importante pro studentes de linguas e
del linguistica:
CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS, un organisation cuje
preoccupation principal es trovar lo que es utile pro
le instruction de linguas nove in le linguistica
theoretic e incoragiar le uso de iste information pro
formar manieras plus efficicace de inseniar linguas.
Le sede electronic de iste organisation es
<http://www.cal.org>.
LINGUISTIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA, le organisation
professional pro linguistas academic american. Lor
sede electronic es <http://www.lsadc.org>.
__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Hotjobs: Enter the "Signing Bonus" Sweepstakes
http://hotjobs.sweepstakes.yahoo.com/signingbonus
|
