* Today in Black History - June 17 *
1775 - Former slave Peter Salem shoots and kills British
Commander Major John Pitcairn, becoming the hero of
the Battle of Bunker Hill. Salem, along with Seasor,
Pharoah, Salem Poor, Barzaillai Lew, and Cuff
Whittmore, fights in the battles of Bunker Hill and
Breed's Hill. Pitcairn was the major who ordered
British soldiers to fire on the Minutemen at
Lexington.
1822 - In New York City, the first elders of the newly
founded African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Zion Church
are ordained.
1871 - James William Johnson is born in Jacksonville, Florida.
He will become a writer ("Autobiography of an Ex-Colored
Man"), poet, first African American admitted to the
Florida bar, diplomat, executive secretary of the NAACP,
and professor. He will change his middle name to Weldon
in 1913. He also will write the words and his brother
J. Rosamond Johnson will write the music to "Lift Every
Voice And Sing", referred to as the "Negro National
Anthem." He will join the ancestors on June 26, 1938 near
his summer home in Wiscasset, Maine, when the car in which
he will be driving, is struck by a train.
1897 - William Frank Powell, a New Jersey educator, is
named minister to Haiti.
1957 - A major boycott begins in Tuskegee, Alabama. African
Americans boycott city stores in protest against an
act of the state legislature which deprives them of
municipal votes by placing their homes outside city
limits.
1966 - Stokely Carmichael calls for the Black Power Movement
at a Greenwood, Mississippi rally.
1967 - Six days of racially motivated disturbances end in
Newark, New Jersey, in the worst urban violence since
the Watts Rebellion of 1965.
1969 - Jazz musician, Charles Mingus, comes out of a two-year,
self-imposed retirement to make a concert appearance at
the Village Vanguard in New York City.
1972 - Frank Wills, a Washington, D.C. security guard, foils the
break-in at offices of the Democratic National Committee.
The offices at the Watergate complex, are targeted for
the placement of surveillance equipment. This will be the
first event of the Watergate conspiracy. Mr. Wills will
be rewarded for his actions by losing his job and
becoming unable to get another security job in the
Washington area.
1983 - Jamal Mixon is born in Oxnard, California. He will become
an actor and rapper. He will be best known to the public
for his role as Ernie Klump, Jr. in the 1996 comedy film
"The Nutty Professor", and its later sequel "Nutty
Professor II: The Klumps"(2000). He will also appear in
several other TV series and films. One of his first roles
on screen will be in the '90s comedy feature "How to Be a
Player", when he was still a teenager. His other acting
ventures will include TV series such as "Malcom & Eddie"
(1997), "Moesha"(1997), "The Parkers"(2000-2002), "Good
News"(1998), "The Proud Family"(2002) and "George Lopez"
(2004). He will also appear in films "Bulworth"(1998);
comedy films "House Party 4: Down to the Last Minute"
(2000) and "The Cookout"(2004), in which he will appear
next to rapper Ja Rule; the sports drama film "Gridiron
Gang"(2006), action comedy film "Paul Blart: Mall Cop"
(2009) and musical comedy "Steppin: The Movie"(2009). He
will also perform in a rap duo with his brother Jerod as
"Herculeez & Big Tyme."
1987 - Kendrick Lamar Duckworth is born in Compton, California.
He will become a rapper, songwriter, and record producer.
He will be regarded as one of the most skillful and
successful hip hop artists of his generation. He will
embark on his musical career as a teenager under the stage
name K-Dot, releasing a mixtape that will garner local
attention and lead to his signing with indie record label
Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE). He will begin to gain
recognition in 2010, after his first retail release, "Overly
Dedicated." The following year, he will independently
release his first studio album, Section.80, which will
include his debut single, "HiiiPoWeR." By that time, he will
have amassed a large online following and will collaborate
with several prominent hip hop artists, including The Game,
Busta Rhymes, and Snoop Dogg. His major label debut album,
"Good Kid, M.A.A.D City," will be released in 2012 by TDE,
Aftermath, and Interscope Records to critical acclaim. It
will debut at #2 on the US Billboard 200 and will be later
certified platinum by the RIAA. The record will contain the
top 40 singles "Swimming Pools (Drank)", "Bitch, Don't Kill
My Vibe", and "Poetic Justice". His critically acclaimed
third album, "To Pimp a Butterfly" (2015) will incorporate
elements of funk, soul, jazz, and spoken word. It will debut
atop the charts in the US and the UK, and will win the Grammy
Award for Best Rap Album at the 58th ceremony. In 2016, he
will release "Untitled Unmastered," a collection of
unreleased demos that will originate during the recording
sessions for Butterfly. He will release his fourth album
"Damn" in 2017 to further acclaim; its lead single "Humble"
topping the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. Aside from his solo
career, he will be also known as a member of the West Coast
hip hop supergroup Black Hippy, alongside his TDE label-
mates and fellow South Los Angeles-based rappers Ab-Soul,
Jay Rock, and Schoolboy Q. He will receive many accolades
over the course of his career, including thirteen Grammy
Awards. In early 2013, MTV will name him the "Hottest MC in
the Game", on their annual list. Time will name him one of
the 100 most influential people in the world in 2016. In 2018,
"Damn" will become the first non-classical and non-jazz album
to be awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music.
1990 - South African Black nationalist Nelson Mandela and his
wife, Winnie, arrive in Ottawa, Canada, en route to an
11-day tour of the United States.
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