* Today in Black History - October 27 *
1891 - Charles H. Garvin is born in Jacksonville, Florida. During
World War I, he will become the first black physician
commissioned in the U.S. Army, serving in France as
commanding officer in the 92nd Division. His interest in
medicine will extend beyond his practice to research and
writing, especially tracing the history of Africans and
African Americans in medicine. He will amass an important
collection of books on the black experience and will also
complete a manuscript (unpublished as of 1994) and write
several articles on the subject. His account of the history
of blacks in medicine in Cleveland will be published in
1939 in the "Women''s Voice," a national women''s magazine.
He will be a founder of the Dunbar Life Insurance Co. and
help organize Quincy Savings & Loan, serving as a director
and board chairman. He will also pioneer integrated housing
during a period of intense racial separation in the city,
living in the home he built on Wade Park Avenue, an
exclusive allotment, despite threats of violence and two
bombings. He will be a trustee of Karamu House, the Urban
League of Greater Cleveland, the Cleveland branch of the
NAACP, and the Clevelan Public Library. He will also serve
as the 4th General President of the Alpha Phi Alpha
fraternity from 1912-1914. He will practice medicine in
Cleveland, Ohio from 1916 until he joins the ancestors on
July 17, 1968.
1891 - Philip B. Downing, invents the street letter box and is
awarded patent # 462,093.
1924 - Ruby Ann Wallace is born in Cleveland, Ohio. She will become
one of the foremost actresses in America, better known as
Ruby Dee, beginning her career on Broadway in the early
1940's. She will marry actor Ossie Davis and have a strong
personal career with such notable stage roles as "A Raisin
in the Sun", "Purlie Victorious", and "The Taming of the
Shrew" as well as work in numerous television series and
movies including "Raisin", "Do the Right Thing", and "Jungle
Fever." She will be married to Ossie Davis until he joins
the ancestors in 2005. She will join the ancestors on June
11, 2014.
1951 - Jayne Harrison (later Kennedy) is born in Washington, DC.
She will be crowned Miss Ohio USA in 1970, becoming the
first African American woman to win the title. She will
also be one of the 15 semi-finalists in the Miss USA 1970
pageant. In 1978, she will become one of the first women
to infiltrate the male-dominated world of sports announcing
with a role on The NFL Today. She will become an actress,
writer and producer. Her movie credits will include
"Fighting Mad," "Body and Soul," "Mysterious Island of
Beautiful Women," "Cover Girls," "The Muthers," and "Group
Marriage." She will win a 1982 NAACP Image Award for
Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture award for her
performance in the 1981's film "Body and Soul" co-starring
alongside her then-husband Leon Issac Kennedy.
1954 - Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first African American
general in the history of the United States Air Force.
He is designated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
1960 - Martin Luther King Jr. is released on bond from the
Georgia State Prison in Reidsville. Political observers
say the John F. Kennedy call for King's release increased
the number of African American voters who ensured his
election.
1971 - The Republic of the Congo becomes the Republic of Zaire.
1978 - President Carter signs the Hawkins-Humphrey full
employment bill.
1979 - St. Vincent & the Grenadines becomes independent of Great
Britain.
1981 - Andrew Young, former United Nations Ambassador, is elected
mayor of Atlanta, Georgia.
2003 - Walter Washington, ex-mayor of Washington, DC, joins the
ancestors at age 88. He was the first elected mayor of
the nation's capital in modern times and the first
African American to head the government of a major U.S.
city.
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