Tony, thanks for this forward.  Very helpful indeed.

Chi jaama

Joe


>From: Tony Cisse <[log in to unmask]>
>Reply-To: The Gambia and related-issues mailing list
><[log in to unmask]>
>To: [log in to unmask]
>Subject: Re: LOCUSTS - Preparation of neem biopesticides at farm level
>Date: Thu, 12 Aug 2004 08:31:55 -0500
>
>Brother Mbye,
>
>Not a chemist but have a farm in Senegal...I have already started using
>this technique on my crops, and inshallah it will afford some protection.
>It is well worth reading the full article
>(http://tcdc.undp.org/tcdcweb/experiences/vol4/Neem%20biopesticides.pdf).
>Apart from the technical details the authour makes some very important
>points, especially relevant to farmers in our sub-region, and not just
>about the neem tree, but about a general approach.
>
>So often we forget that solutions to problems such as locusts, drought
>etc. did not just come about through Western ideas and technologies. For
>countless centuries people were able to face these natural hazards and
>s
>urvive them without millions dying of hunger.
>
>Indeed many of these technologies either do not work well, have serious
>side-effects, increase dependancy on imported item, or are based on
>knowledge taken originally from the traditional science developed by the
>forefathers of the same farmers to whom they products are marketted (and
>not paying any copyright). But the common approach is so often that of;
>
>'Cheeeyii, toubab bi mo bari xamxam' and a total loss of confidence in
>traditional knowledge, which is often described as 'local' as if that term
>was some sort of insult.
>
>I think it is a duty of those of us who are privaledge to have the
>education to read and have access to things like the internet to research
>and re-validate effective traditional knowledge and promote it's use
>before some American multi-national company tries to patent it. This has
>been the case with neem and has been contested
>in courts, a US company
>claimed that it 'owned' the patent to the neem tree...in India...and that
>anyone wanting to use it to develop its use would have to pay money to
>them!!!! Can you imagine this happening in Gambia for something
>like 'jittah'.. don't laugh it could happen... anyway Brother please take
>time to read the full article, and please circulate it to anyone you can
>think of who might make use of this knowledge.
>
>Jamm ak xewel
>
>On Wed, 11 Aug 2004 12:06:45 -0700, baboucarr Sey <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>
> >Thanks brother are you a chemist ?
> >
> >Cheers
> >
> >Mbye Sey
> >
> >Tony Cisse <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
> >sees all my extracts din't post so here is the rest:
> >
> >http://tcdc.undp.org/tcdcweb/experiences/vol4/Neem%20biopesticides.pdf.
> >
> >Neem leaf extract
> >For 5 litres of water, 1 kg of gr
>een neem leaf is required. Since the
> >quantity of leaves required for the preparation of this extract is quite
> >high (nearly 80 kg are required for 1 hectare), this can be used for
> >nursery and kitchen gardens. The leaves are soaked overnight in water.
>The
> >next day, they are ground and the extract is filtered. The extract is
> >suited for use against leaf- eating caterpillars, grubs, locusts and
> >grasshoppers. To the extract, emulsifier is also added. Remarks: The
> >advantage of using neem leaf extract is that it is available throughout
> >the year. There is no need to boil the extract since boiling reduces the
> >azadirachtin content. Hence the cold extract is more effective. Some
> >farmers prefer to soak the leaves for about one week, but this creates a
> >foul smell.
> >General remarks about spraying
> >• Spraying should be undertaken in the morning or late in the
> >evening. Under hot conditions, the f
>requency of spraying should be
> >increased. In winter, spraying once in 10 days and every day in the rainy
> >season is recommended.
> >• Insects lay eggs on the underside of the leaves. Hence it is
> >important to spray under the leaves also.
> >• While using a power sprayer, the quantity of water used should be
> >halved.
> >• It is better to use low concentrations of extracts frequently.
> >• As a general guideline, it can be said that each acre of land to
> >be protected can be sprayed with 60 litres of ready-to-use solution (not
> >the concentrate). Of course, the volume may have to be varied depending
>on
> >the exact conditions prevailing, such as the intensity of the pest
>attack.
> >
>
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