"Gambians know, PDOIS/foroyaa see Serrekunda as their heart land although the current party leader loses his seat to Sainey Jaiteh ( I will in future analyse how he loses that seat and what some folks in Serrekunda east said was the reason they boycott PDOIS candidate)." (Suntou) Suntou, I had myself carried out research on the ground as to how Koto Halifa lost his seat to Uncle Sainey. I would therefore be very much interested in your analysis on this issue in order to compare our respective findings. I hope you will for once sideline your anti-Halifa bias. Thanks Bailo --- On Tue, 3/11/09, suntou touray <[log in to unmask]> wrote: From: suntou touray <[log in to unmask]> Subject: Re: FW: [>-<] Re: [>-<] Political opportunism (Foroyaas coverage of Peters arrest) To: [log in to unmask] Date: Tuesday, 3 November, 2009, 10:53 Very well said brother Bailo. The negative publicity is important to understand in a proper context. The quotation is a general statement. It implies that discussing about an issue make it popular, either for the wrong or right reasons but the fact that it make people pay some attention to it is a positive thing.  It is on that basis, i expose the duplicity in the language Foroyaa utilises in reporting the Peter's episode. Foroyaa may have highlighted some aspect of the case, but any serious and critical reader cannot but equally see the mirroring of matters towards their end. Foroyaa mentioned that, they are still investigating the matter. One would hope, since they have not conclusively gather enough facts on the circumstances surrounding the case, they would restrain using specific and definitive words in context to the people that attended the rally. (700 people attended, mostly women and children). What is that conveying? Gambians know, PDOIS/foroyaa see Serrekunda as their heart land although the current party leader loses his seat to Sainey Jaiteh ( I will in future analyse how he loses that seat and what some folks in Serrekunda east said was the reason they boycott PDOIS candidate). In a parochial society like the Gambia, when we say women and children, the overiding assumption is that, the occasion is not serious. PDOIS uses such words to technically emphasise the environment of the rally. The other area which i made mention of were Foroyaa equally use the issue to highlight their own activism is the question of the speech of Ousianou Darboe. (in a gathering, we do hear elders complimenting each other by saying: i have not much to say, elder x have said it all. This means let us go along with what such person said.) Foroyyaa was in essense deflating the speech of the biggest opposition party in the Gambia. If this is not politics, i don't know what is. Other observers are right in that Foroyaa did report the case, to them that is enough, but to keen followers of UDP, it is a poison chalice. Suntou Bolonba On Mon, Nov 2, 2009 at 10:22 PM, bailo jallow <[log in to unmask]> wrote: Suntou said: "Finally, what PDOIS stalwarts must understand is, there is no bad publicity par say" Let no one deceive you about it; there is good publicity and there is bad publicity. As a reader of newspapers, you should have by now learnt to distinguish between the two. For instance, when a so-called leader goes on national television and threatens to kill someone else, believe me, that is bad publicity for the leader who issued the death threat. On the other hand, an institution such as Foroyaa, reknowned for investigating or asking questions about the disappearance of some people would naturally earns itself good publicity in their quest to account for disappeared people. Regretably, a minority of folks like you would nonetheless accuse Foroyaa of only being motivated by political opportunism over their constant reporting of such disappearances. That's life. The struggle must go on. Bailo --- On Mon, 2/11/09, suntou touray <[log in to unmask]> wrote: From: suntou touray <[log in to unmask]> Subject: Re: FW: [>-<] Re: [>-<] Political opportunism (Foroyaas coverage of Peters arrest) To: [log in to unmask] Date: Monday, 2 November, 2009, 12:25 Uncle Modou, thanks for the fine comments and i appreciate the inputs. I also notwithstanding my continous disagrrement with some points you raised, commend your boldness in articulating a fitting defense of Foroyaa news paper. I hope those wishing for a balance argument would find it in the exchanges offered. Uncle Modou, i know any serious and well meaning Foroyya and PDOIS fan will defend the position of the paper as an objective media outlet just like the many out in the world wide web. But i cannot accept that argument simply because Foroyaa is the by-product of 'Voice of the Future', whcih was politically motivated information transmitter. Foroyaa is equally run by men who couple of years ago where vying for a political leadership position with the members of the UDP.  There may be a strong Chinise wall created by the publisers and editors of Foroyaa, but the overriding conflict of interest remains... Political-power play. I see the men at Foroyaa as normal human beings who have emotions and interests. There sacrifing life long interest among other things is to assume political office. Foroyaa thus became a tool where many young Gambian men and women are nurtured to understand and accept the ideology and propaganda message of PDOIS.  The head office of Foroyaa is seen as a shrine, a university, and the most suffisticated educational platform in the Gambia by the heads of the party. I am not oblivious to those facts Uncle Modou. The newspaper does not appeal to me base on one key principle: I cannot associate myself with the central message and philosophy of the party. The language utilised in the paper is more akin to the ideas peddle by the paper.  The issues i raised on the two article on the Femi Peter's arrest were arrived at after reppeated analysis. I wish to avoid trampling on the toes of decent people like you. But that is not to say, Foroyaa doesn't occasionally undergo a conflict of interest. Finally, what PDOIS stalwarts must understand is, there is no bad publicity par say. And Foroyaa/PDOIS hierachy are masters at responding at critics. My argument stands, the language was such that, the Peters arrest provided them an avenue to relay their message with a twist. Thanks On Sun, Nov 1, 2009 at 3:47 AM, Modou Nyang <[log in to unmask]> wrote: Suntou, you are my Uncle instead and this also includes Haruna. Henceforth I will address you both as such. I am now very comfortable to discuss (as my uncle suggested) here and any other forum because my Uncle Haruna, warmly welcomed me into the fold. Thank you my uncle. You - Uncle Haruna, has made good points and I agree with you. Sure I will contribute on any such type fund that is meant to assist in our fight against oppression back home in the Gambia. With regards to the OLDF we have to spell out the details that will government its operations and disbursement    etc, etc. Always count me in. Back to Uncle Suntou I will first of all say Al-sabarry you and Dave Manneh. The topic is you raised issues with Foroyaa’s reportage of the UDP rally in Serekunda as being biased and opportunistic on the part of foroyaa and PDOIS. I have forwarded points to prove you wrong that was in fact doing what it has been doing for over two decades and even much more now during this present predicament we have found our selves in. Uncle Suntou, forget about the argument with Dave Manneh, I think he was just making a joke.  Instead, challenge my postings directly or we close this chapter even if you would not acknowledge Foroyaa’s contribution in the uncovering of events in our country. Dave, can I also call you Uncle? Please let’s take him on issues and soon he will rely on facts before jumping into conclusions to accuse others. Referring to me as a PDOIS sympathizer and gloss over my points is not a good way to discourse our national affairs as Uncle Haruna advised me to now use. I am from Foroyaa. I have been an insider of the paper for many years rising to the position of Sub-Editor. It is because of my knowledge of things at that institution why I am trying to prove you wrong. As Oceanic stated in part, additionally, Foroyaa has to be re-registered following the trial of editorial board members Seedia Jatta and Halifa in 1994 due to their defiance of Decree No: 4. Legally, foroyaa is registered just like any other newspaper that is operating in the Gambia. And since the statement “Organ of PDOIS� has to be removed from the paper when re-registering it, Foroyaa has evolved full cycle following in the footsteps of many a newspaper especially in the developed world, that evolved from party affiliated mediums to full fledge mainstream media institutions. This is just a little of the history of foroyaa and it’s relation to the history of the evolution of newspapers in other parts of the world to prove to you that political had and do still own and run newspapers. I can tell you since I came to the United States I have developed so much love in watching MSNBC and will sometimes switch to FOX NEWS, to get the other side of the news. Or do you want to tell me they are not run like Foroyaa is? The Campaign for and against health reform here in the US tells a lot on this issue. Those arguing for either side are politicians or journalists or both. So Foroyaa is not committing any crime here. Remember Foroyaa was established as a result of the absence of an alternative source of media in the Gambia back in the old days, and that purpose is much more relevant in today’s Gambia than ever before. In fact, the continued participation of the founders of PDOIS in the running of Foroyaa is a necessity instead of anything else. Younger people like my self handle most if not all the news items published in the paper. The editors are there to serve as guarantors of the paper and ready to take full responsibility in any eventuality. Am sharing this bit of how we work at foroyaa for your information. On the issue that foroyaa hardly reports anything that is UDP must have been rested now? Uncle Suntou, I did not say Foroyaa was defending UDP. What I wrote was to prove your statement that Foroyaa hardly reports anything UDP wrong. UDP is one out of many other political parties in the Gambia. Foroyaa’s reports of events is not party based, it is people centered. In fact the paper has virtually into a human rights advocating medium by constantly and tirelessly reporting unlawful arrests and detentions. This is what foroyaa does and it is because it is the only paper in the country willing to do so, family members of persecuted victims always storm our offices to lodge thier complains. This is what was happening during the witchcraft saga. Almost everyone in the country was talking about the incidents but it was no where on the media except Foroyaa. And you know what this led to. Halifa was arrested and have to spend almost two weeks in detention. It is the same with the Chief Manneh case, it is only Foroyaa that consistently reports on his disappearance and locations of detentions. This what foroyaa does, and I can’t see any of these as political opportunism. And even recently we have seen how the APRC government’s attempt to get the protocol setting up the ECOWAS Court amended was exposed leading to it’s defeat. My Uncle am stopping here for now. I know it is long and want to have some good sleep as Uncle Haruna advised. Nyang --- On Sun, 1/11/09, suntou touray <[log in to unmask]> wrote: From: suntou touray <[log in to unmask]> Subject: Re: FW: [>-<] Re: [>-<] Political opportunism (Foroyaas coverage of Peters arrest) To: [log in to unmask] Date: Sunday, 1 November, 2009, 1:15 Thanks Yero for clarifying that you are not a PDOIS member. I accept that clarification in good faith. I know Yero you are a nice guy who will hardly hide his real intentions. The wider issue i raised concerning Foroyaa not publishing anything from Gainako stance, reprinting an item from you is too insignificant to warrant reconsidering the statement. Secondly, I will not heed to what Modou Nyang said. I show the reportage without any preconceive judgement. Any independent reader who is not out to pacify or divert attention would see through the articles in seconds. But when we for the sake exposing Yahya only avoid clarifying issues like this, the talk of opposition unity will be a mere talk. Modou Nyang wrote at length, and my Uncles are Nyang, i was bais to read all what he has to say. I can see uncle Nyang is clearly a PDOIS sympathiser, so i don't wish to further iritate him. Foroyaa was not in any way defending UDP. The statements are far from that. Unless PDOIS/Foroyaa realises that hiding behind word-play will never be accepted by UDP and other Gambian readers to allow it to slip through, their double standard wil be expose. I have no problems with the men and women at PDOIS, i only have a problem with their strategies. That is all. Finally, as you truely said, Gainako.com is free blame on the subject, my only worry is, you convey a message for PDOIS against other parties which is not of gainko original making. Apart from that, 'fof noo bete'. Mbalen Jam. Thanks Suntou Bolonba On Sat, Oct 31, 2009 at 1:58 PM, Y Jallow <[log in to unmask]> wrote: > “I will not respond to the Gainako editors simply because both young > > > > “The views of rival parties shouldn't be republished verbatim. > > > >  http://suntoumana.blogspot.com/2009/10/why-yahya-can-never-change.html > > > > Hi Uncle  Suntou, > > > > Greetings. Anyway good to see you back on this debate. I personally had to > cancel posting a whole page I typed regarding this matter, because I thought > the temperature was too high for us to get trapped in the kind of > distractions. I will keep this one simple while debating a loved one. > > > > Please go ahead and rectify your first quote, because I am not a PDOIS > supporter or member. I don’t belong to any political party or organization > as at now. I am a sympathizer to the opposition and any other oppressed > Gambian. I have said it over and over that I can only belong to a coalition > of all political parties. > > > > If what you said in Quote two above is to go by, then I will ask you to > remove this piece you published about Yaya in Suntoumana. In fact this is > the person responsible for Gambia’s problems. > > > > Anyways, FYI, and the greater readership we are neither PDOIS nor Foroyaa. > We complement Foroyaa’s effort, like any other news paper. We complement > PDOIS like any other political party. Personally, I know your take is on > Foroyaa and PDOIS, and in fact not Gainako. I know this because we > interacted enough for me to ascertain that. > > > > FYI, when I wrote a tribute on Dr. Lenrie Peters (of beloved memory), it was > all over the Point Newspaper and Foroyaa. > > > > Besides, my humble advice for you is please sought to resolve your > differences with PDOIS and Foroyaa. If it accumulates in you like seemingly > observed, it will make you jump on them anytime, in an effort to bring them > down -even when there is no need to do so. You should heed to Modou Nyang's > entire advice. Even though writing is subjected to different interpretation, > you probably missed the message on this one. It was in defense of the > UDP. Anyways my dear, so much for a debate with you – you will not hear from > me on this so soon again. I am sure PDOIS and Foroyaa have enough men and > women to defend their policies. > > > > Later, & take care, > > yj > > There is no god but Allah (SWT) and Muhammad (SAW) is His messenger. Fear > and Worship only Allah alone! > > > > >> Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 12:34:34 +0000 >> Subject: Re: [>-<] Re: [>-<] Political opportunism (Foroyaas coverage of >> Peters arrest) >> From: [log in to unmask] >> To: [log in to unmask]; [log in to unmask] >> >> [ This e-mail is posted to Gambia|Post e-Gathering by suntou touray >> <[log in to unmask]> ] >> >> >> Oceanic, since a few folks hang onto your bona fide comments to gain a >> window. I will then address you and hopefully that will do. Yes i have >> bone to pick with Foroyaa. Now tell me, what is the paper, a >> propaganda tool or a newspaper that we take as independent and >> objective? >> I am sure like me, you too and many other people vent their anger at >> the continuous praise singing of the Observer news paper of our >> dictator. We all know that paper regularly sings Jammeh's praises. >> What is the difference between Foroyaa and Observer? >> Foroyaa like the Observer can pretend to be covering news items >> independently but that is all it is: pretending. >> Now Oceanic, you made mention that you live in U.S, which main stream >> U.S political party has its own newspaper? I am not saying, the main >> stream broad sheet or tabloid papers don't favour one party as against >> the other, but the issue is when politicians are directly involve in >> the reporting, editorial, and publication of a newspaper. The matter >> is suspect Oceanic. >> >> Foroyaa (PDOIS) used the paper to daily unearth venom's against the >> PPP then, but did also publish response from the PPP to their views? >> Coming to the matter at hand, look at the subject carefully, because I >> am not treating your comments like that of the Pa Sambas of this >> world. Fanatical sycophants with hate filled attitude to all comments >> unfavourable to their saints. >> I am taking your comments seriously, i expect the same from you. >> >> The headline of any newspaper convey a general message. The headline >> of Foroyaa is sufficient to see through the facade the editors created >> around themselves: >> 1. The headline that 700 people attended the rally. >> 2. The rally was mostly women and children >> >> Another days headline: >> What did the police said to Peters. >> In the coverage, they went to the extent of saying endlessly: >> 1. The subject of meat shortage that Darboe spoke about was covered in >> their paper. >> 2. The subject of Jammeh involving in all sectors of Gambian economy >> was also publicise by there paper. >> What do you think they are not saying, but hoping readers can pick out? >> Let us understand that, Sarr the editor is also a politician. >> Halifa a contributor to the paper is a politician >> Suwaibou also another contributor is a politician >> Amie Sillah a contributor is a politician >> >> Taking all of that into account and also knowing that PDOIS cannot >> stand the fact that the UDP have a bigger majority than them. They are >> willing to die than accept that fact, thus the uncompromising >> sentiments coming from Halifa on daily basis. So how can Foroyaa >> attached a specific figures to a rall? Why should they say, it was >> women and children that were the majority out there? Why should they >> be saying (all that Darboe said was reported by their paper). >> >> If the freedomnews paper, the Gambiajournal, Echo etc said such thing, >> no one would raise eyebrows Oceanic. The case is different when the >> intellectual who see no one has capable apart from them report on such >> rival political matter. >> If PDOIS also organise a rally and made mention that, "we too have >> said what Darboe said" and the constitutions provides us such rights, >> then the matter will be irrelevant, since the platform are the same >> (rally). >> >> I will not respond to the Gainako editors simply because both young >> men are keen PDOIS supporters, therefore they wouldn't be objective in >> this matter. >> The conflict of interest at PDOIS cannot be denied or ignored. The >> attitude of the editorial board cannot also be ignored, so are the >> die-hards in U.S. So the game is politics Oceanic, they will always be >> quiet in matters were they play a political advantageous game. Peter's >> arrest is unlawfully, the paper should concentrate on that and stop >> playing smart games. We are ready to see through the paper and its >> editor, with its sympathisers. Oceanic, thanks for your comments. This >> is only my humble observation, i intend no malice. >> Suntou Bolonba >> >> On Thu, Oct 29, 2009 at 11:18 PM, OCEANIC LAD <[log in to unmask]> >> wrote: >> > [ This e-mail is posted to Gambia|Post e-Gathering by OCEANIC LAD >> > <[log in to unmask]> ] >> > >> > >> > My believe is bolongba has a bone to pick with PDOIS/Foroyaa.He should >> > just come out clean about it.How many more times would he criticize >> > everything about foroyaa/PDOIS. >> > I see nothing wrong in the foroyaa news or stories.They are very >> > realistic and compared and contrast the political scene of the Gambia. >> > >> > All what i know is whatever happens ,PDOIS and foroyaa shall remain very >> > significant in the political and social history of the Gambia. >> > >> > Demba Baldeh wrote: >> >> Suntou, >> >> >> >>  In as much as you see Foroyaa as a newspaper you also have to >> >> understand that the paper is an organ of a political party. So only if you >> >> don't understand the role Foroyaa plays that you can be taken by surprise >> >> that they ponder towards their ideology. If UDP or any other political >> >> party had a similar organ they will be promoting their brand more than >> >> anybody else. >> >> >> >>  How would you assess Suntou's blog report issues related to the UDP??? >> >> vs PDOIS or APRC? Sometimes understanding political components goes a long >> >> way to help one analyse reports. If you see such a skewed report on Gainako >> >> or senegambia or other more independent papers may be you can call them on >> >> it.... >> >> >> >>  Hope that helps clarify so you don't try to make something out of >> >> nothing... >> >> >> >>  Demba >> >>  On Thu, Oct 29, 2009 at 4:28 AM, Dave Manneh < [log in to unmask] >> >> > wrote: >> >>  Mr Touray, >> >>  Please elaborate a little more if you would, on what constitutes >> >> “Political Opportunism� on Forooya and/PDOIS’ part/s? >> >>  I’ve read both links you provided, and I am still none the wiser as to >> >> what could have raised your ire. >> >>  I suppose most importantly too, why, in your view >> >> should PDOIS and Foroyaa be two entities; independent and separate from each >> >> other? >> >>  Kind Regards, >> >>  Dave >> >>  NB: Am at a loose-end presently; having finished one project and not >> >> started on another. So I've spare time to indulge in cyber chitchat. >> >>  2009/10/29 suntou touray < [log in to unmask] > >> >>  [ This e-mail is posted to Gambia|Post e-Gathering by suntou touray < >> >> [log in to unmask] > ] >> >>  In has much i wish to avoid focusing on the style the foroyya news >> >> paper adopted in reporting the UDP rally and subsiquent events, one cannot >> >> but comment on their strategic ploy to make the issue down bit. >> >> The Foroyaa reportage culled from www.gainako.com higligthed serious >> >> opportunism on the part of Foroyaa the arm of PDOIS. They claim that, >> >> whatever was mention on the UDP rally was reported by their paper. As >> >> if rallies are the same as news paper items. If it is trust and mutual >> >> cooperation we are all advocating, the Foroyaa should change its stance and >> >> see to it that, their views or way is not the only way. We want to respect >> >> the persons and agendas of all the opposition, try >> >> to bridge the gabs, therefore, Foroyaa activitiues on this issue is >> >> unprofessional and politically bias. >> >> http://www.gainako.com/news/news/2009/10/29/public-meeting-by-political-parties-is-a-constitutional-political-and-civic-right-and-not-a-privilege.html >> >> . >> >>  In an earlier coverage on the episode, Foroyya went as far as quote a >> >> number to the people that attended the rally. Were they guessing or did they >> >> actually count the number of people that attended the rally? >> >> Foroyaa should do its best to always be seen to be independent of >> >> PDOIS, if not their side of stories like this will be rejected and/or taken >> >> with a pinch of salt. >> >> http://www.foroyaa.gm/modules/news/article.php?storyid=3750 >> >> Suntou Bolonba >> >> >> >>  ----------------------------gambiapost.NET------------------------------ >> >> SUBSCRIPTION: http://thegambiapostforum.com/membership >> >> We thank you for joining our forum. The purpose of The Gambia Post >> >> Forum is to provide a place for national discourse, a place where we can >> >> exchange ideas and share common interests. The Gambia Post is the largest >> >> Gambian online >> >> community on the Web where a variety of issues are discussed. We >> >> maintain an Open Forum for ALL Gambians and Friends of The Gambia, >> >> accessible to people of all works of life, and ages. And so while we >> >> understand that it is human nature >> >> to lose one's temper occasionally, a consistent pattern of profanity, >> >> especially against the parents of others will not be tolerated. This may >> >> result in a suspension and if necessary an indefinite ban. Once again, >> >> welcome to the Gambia >> >> Post and in the spirit of our motto, we encourage you to  'let your >> >> thoughts fly'. >> >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> >> ©2002 Our Guiding Principle : "Va, pensiero", "Let thought(s) fly forth" >> >> >> >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > >> > ----------------------------gambiapost.NET------------------------------ >> > SUBSCRIPTION: http://thegambiapostforum.com/membership >> > We thank you for joining our forum. The purpose of The Gambia Post Forum >> > is >> > to provide a place for national discourse, a place where we can exchange >> > ideas >> > and share common interests. The Gambia Post is the largest Gambian >> > online >> > community on the Web where a variety of issues are discussed. We >> > maintain an >> > Open Forum for ALL Gambians and Friends of The Gambia, accessible to >> > people of >> > all works of life, and ages. And so while we understand that it is human >> > nature >> > to lose one's temper occasionally, a consistent pattern of profanity, >> > especially >> > against the parents of others will not be tolerated. This may result in >> > a >> > suspension and if necessary an indefinite ban. Once again, welcome to >> > the Gambia >> > Post and in the spirit of our motto, we encourage you to  'let your >> > thoughts fly'. >> > >> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> > ©2002 Our Guiding Principle : "Va, pensiero", "Let thought(s) fly forth" >> > >> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> > >> >> >> >> >> ----------------------------gambiapost.NET------------------------------ >> SUBSCRIPTION: http://thegambiapostforum.com/membership >> We thank you for joining our forum. The purpose of The Gambia Post Forum >> is >> to provide a place for national discourse, a place where we can exchange >> ideas >> and share common interests. The Gambia Post is the largest Gambian online >> community on the Web where a variety of issues are discussed. We maintain >> an >> Open Forum for ALL Gambians and Friends of The Gambia, accessible to >> people of >> all works of life, and ages. And so while we understand that it is human >> nature >> to lose one's temper occasionally, a consistent pattern of profanity, >> especially >> against the parents of others will not be tolerated. This may result in a >> suspension and if necessary an indefinite ban. Once again, welcome to the >> Gambia >> Post and in the spirit of our motto, we encourage you to 'let your >> thoughts fly'. >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------- >> ©2002 Our Guiding Principle : "Va, pensiero", "Let thought(s) fly forth" >> ------------------------------------------------------------------------- > > ________________________________ > Windows 7: I wanted more reliable, now it's more reliable. Wow! > > Foroyaa will not in a million years publish anything from Gainako, no > chance. We want matters dealing with the UPD, NRP or GMC to be > reported by an independent reporter of Gainako not republishing a > piece from Foroyaa.� > > men are keen PDOIS supporters, therefore they wouldn't be objective in > this matter.� > ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ To > unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web > interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html > > To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: > http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the > List Management, please send an e-mail to: > [log in to unmask] > ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ To unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the List Management, please send an e-mail to: [log in to unmask] ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ ���������������������������������������������������������¤ To unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the List Management, please send an e-mail to: [log in to unmask] ���������������������������������������������������������¤ ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ To unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the List Management, please send an e-mail to: [log in to unmask] ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ ���������������������������������������������������������¤ To unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the List Management, please send an e-mail to: [log in to unmask] ���������������������������������������������������������¤ ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ To unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the List Management, please send an e-mail to: [log in to unmask] ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤ To unsubscribe/subscribe or view archives of postings, go to the Gambia-L Web interface at: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/gambia-l.html To Search in the Gambia-L archives, go to: http://listserv.icors.org/SCRIPTS/WA-ICORS.EXE?S1=gambia-l To contact the List Management, please send an e-mail to: [log in to unmask] ¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤¤