Assalaamu alaikum

Alhamdulillah and we continue our lessons with Shaickh al-Albaani (raheemahullah). He wrote:

The Second Rak'ah

"When he (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) got up for the second rak'ah, he would commence with All Praise be to Allaah (Faatihah 1:1), without pausing."¹⁷⁰

He would perform this rak'ah exactly as he performed the first, except that he would make it shorter than the first, as before.

The Obligation of Reciting Soorah al-Faatihah in every Rak'ah

He ordered "the one who prayed badly" to recite al-Faatihah in every rak'ah, when he said to him after ordering him to recite it in the first rak'ah¹⁷¹, then do that throughout your prayer¹⁷² (in one narration: in every rak'ah).¹⁷³ He also used to say, There is recitation in every rak'ah.¹⁷⁴

 

The First Tashahhud

Next, he (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) would sit for tashahhud after finishing the second rak'ah. In a two-rak'ah prayer such as Fajr, "he would sit muftarishan"¹⁷⁵, as he used to sit between the two sajdahs, and "he would sit in the first tashahhud similarly"¹⁷⁶ in a three- or four-rak'ah prayer. [see diagram - qss]

He also ordered "the one who prayed badly" thus, saying to him, When you sit in the middle of the prayer, then be calm, spread your left thigh and perform tashahhud.¹⁷⁷

Abu Hurairah (radi Allaahu 'anhu) said, "My friend (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) forbade me from squatting (iq'aa') like a dog"¹⁷⁸; in another hadeeth, "he used to forbid the squatting of the devil."¹⁷⁹

"When he sat in tashahhud, he would place his right palm on his right thigh (in one narration: knee), and his left palm on his left thigh (in one narration: knee, spreading it upon it)"¹⁸⁰; and "he would put the end of his right elbow on his right thigh."¹⁸¹

Also, "he forbade a man who was sitting in prayer resting on his left hand, and said: Verily, that is the prayer of the Jews¹⁸²; in one wording, Do not sit like this, for indeed this is the way of sitting of those who are punished¹⁸³; in another hadeeth, It is the sitting posture of those who incurred (Allaah's) anger.¹⁸⁴

Moving the Finger in Tashahhud

"He (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) would spread his left palm on his left knee, clench all the fingers of his right hand, point with the finger adjacent to the thumb towards the qiblah, and fix his sight on it (i.e. the finger)."¹⁸⁵

Also, "when he pointed with his finger, he would put his thumb on his middle finger"¹⁸⁶, and sometimes "he would make a circle with these two."¹⁸⁷

"When he raised his finger, he would move it, supplicating with it"¹⁸⁸, and he used to say, "It is surely more powerful against the devil than iron, meaning the forefinger."¹⁸⁹

Also, "the Companions of the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) used to remind each other, that is, about pointing with the finger when supplicating."¹⁹⁰

Once, "he saw a man supplicating with two fingers, so he said, "Make it one, [make it one,]" and indicated with his forefinger."¹⁹¹

"He (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) would do this in both tashahhuds."¹⁹²

The Obligation of the First Tashahhud, & theValidity of Supplication during it

"He (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) would recite the Tahiyyah after every two rak'ahs"¹⁹³; "the first thing he would say in this sitting would be: All compliments be to Allaah."¹⁹⁴

"When he forgot to perform the tashahhud after the first two rak'ahs, he would prostrate (twice) for forgetfulness."¹⁹⁵

He used to order them to perform tashahhud, saying, When you sit after every two rak'ahs, then say: All compliments ... and then each of you should select the supplication he likes best and supplicate Allaah, Mighty and Sublime, [with it]¹⁹⁶; in another version: Say, All compliments ... in every sitting¹⁹⁷, and he also ordered "the one who prayed badly" to do so, as has been mentioned.

"He (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) would teach them the tashahhud the way he taught them Soorahs of the Qur'aan"¹⁹⁸, and "the Sunnah is to say it quietly."¹⁹⁹

The Manner of Tashahhud

He taught several ways of tashahhud:

1. The tashahhud of Ibn Mas'ood, who said, "The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) taught me the tashahhud, [with] my palm between his palms, the way he taught me Soorahs of the Qur'aan:
   Attahiyaatu lillahi wa salawaatu wa tayyibaatu assalaamu alayka ayyuhannabiyyu wa rahmatullahi wa barakaatuhhu assalaamu alayna wa ala ibadallahi saliheen. Ashhadu an laa ilaha illalah wa ashadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh.
   All compliments²⁰⁰, prayers²⁰¹ and pure words²⁰² are due to Allaah. Peace²⁰³ be on you, O Prophet, and also the mercy of Allaah and His blessings²⁰⁴. Peace be on us, and on the righteous slaves of Allaah. [For when one says that, it includes every righteous slave in the heaven and the earth.] I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger.
   
   [This was while he was among us, but after he was taken, we would say:
   Assalaamu ala Nabiyyi
   [Peace be on the Prophet]."²⁰⁵
2. The tashahhud of Ibn 'Abbaas: "The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) used to teach us the tashahhud the way he taught us [soorahs of] the Qur'aan; he used to say,
   Attahiyaatul mubarakatu assalawaatu attayyibaatu lillahi assalaamu alayka ayyuhannabiyyu warahmatullahi wa barakatuh. Assalaamu alaina wa ala ibaadallahi saliheen. Ashhad anla illaha illalah wa ashadu anna Muhammadan rasulullah
   All compliments, blessed words, prayers, pure words are due to Allaah. Peace be on you, O Prophet, and also the mercy of Allaah and His blessings. Peace be on us and on the righteous slaves of Allaah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah, and [I bear witness] that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah (in one narration: ... is His slave and messenger)."²⁰⁶
3. The tashahhud of Ibn 'Umar, who reported the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) as saying in the tashahhud:
   Attihiyatulillah wa salawaatu wa tayyibaatu, assalamu alayka ayyuhannabiyyu warahmatullahi wabarakaatuh assalaamu alayna wa ala ibaadallahi saliheen. Ashhadu anla ilaha illa lah wahdahu lashareekala wa ashhadu anna Muhammaddan abduhu warasuluh.
   All compliments, prayers and good words are due to Allaah. Peace be on you, O Prophet, and also the mercy of Allaah - Ibn 'Umar said, "I add:"²⁰⁷ ... and His blessings. - Peace be on us and on the righteous slaves of Allaah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah - Ibn 'Umar said, "I add:"²⁰⁸ ... alone, He has no partner, - and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger.²⁰⁹
4. The tashahhud of Abu Moosaa al-Ash'ari, who said that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said, ... when you are sitting, the first thing each of you says should be:
   Atahiyyatu attayyibatu wasalawatu lillah, assalaamu alaika ayyu hannnabiyyu warahmatullahi wa barakaatuh, assalamu alaina wa ala ibadallahi saliheen. Ash hadu anla ilaha illalah wahdahu lasharikalah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammaddan abduhu warasulu
   All compliments, good words and prayers are due to Allaah. Peace be on you, O Prophet, and also the mercy of Allaah and His blessings. Peace be on us, and on the righteous slaves of Allaah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah [alone, He has no partner], and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger - seven phrases, and they are the greetings in the prayer."²¹⁰
5. The tashahhud of 'Umar ibn al-Khattaab, who would teach the people the tashahhud while on the pulpit, saying, "Say:
   
   Attahiyatulillah azzakiyatu lillahi attayibaatu lillah assalawatu lillah assalaamu alaika ayyuhannabiyyu warahmatullah wabarakatuhu assalamu alaina wa ala ibadalahi saliheen. Ashhadu anla ilaha illalah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu warasuluh
6. All compliments are due to Allaah; all pure titles are due to Allaah; all good words [are due to Allaah]; all prayers are due to Allaah. Peace be on you, O Prophet, and also the mercy of Allaah and His blessings. Peace be on us and on the righteous slaves of Allaah. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger.²¹¹

As-Salaah 'alaa an-Nabiyy(Sending Prayers on the Prophet) - Its Place & Manner

He (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) used to send prayers on himself in the first tashahhud as well as the other.²¹² He also established it for his ummah, ordering them to send prayers on him after sending peace on him²¹³, and he taught them several ways of doing so:

1. 
   Allahumma salli ala muhammadin wa ala ahli baytihi wa ala azwaajihi wadhurriyathi kama sallayta ala aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed. wabarik ala Muhammadin wa ala ahlibaytihi wa dhurriyatihi kama barakta ala aali Ibraheema Innaka hameedun majeed.
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad²¹⁴, and on his household, and on his wives and progeny, as you sent prayers on the family of Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory. And send blessings on Muhammad²¹⁵, and his household, and his wives and progeny, as you sent blessings on the family of Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.
   
   This supplication he would use himself.²¹⁶
2. 
   Allahumma salli ala Muhammad wa ala ali Muhammad kama sallayta ala Ibraheema wa ala aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed. Allahumma barik ala Muhammadin wa ala aali Muhammad kama barakta ala Ibrahima wa ala aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed.
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent prayers on [Ibraaheem, and on]²¹⁷ the family of Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory. O Allaah! send blessings on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent blessings on [Ibraaheem, and on]²¹⁸ the family of Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.²¹⁹
3. 
   Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin wa ala aali Muhammadin kama sallayta ala Ibraheema wa ala aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed. Wa baarik ala Muhammadin wa ala aali Muhammad kama baarakta ala Ibraheema wa aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed.
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent prayers on Ibraaheem, [and the family of Ibraaheem]; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory. And send blessings on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent blessings on [Ibraaheem, and] the family of Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.²²⁰
4. 
   Allahumma salli ala Muhammadin Nabiyyil umiyyi wa ala aali Muhammad kama sallayta ala aali Ibraheema wa baarik ala Muhammadin nabiyyil ummiyyi wa ala aali Muhammad kama baarakta ala aali Ibraheema fil aalameena innaka hameedun majeed.
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad [the Unlettered Prophet], and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent prayers on [the family of] Ibraaheem; and send blessings on Muhammad [the Unlettered Prophet] and the family of Muhammad, as you sent blessings on [the family of] Ibraaheem among the nations; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.²²¹
5. 
   Allahuma salli ala Muhammadin abdika wa rasulika kama sallayta ala aali Ibraheema wa baarik ala Muhammadin abdika wa rasulika wa ala aali Muhammadin kama barakta ala Ibraheema wa ala  aali Ibraheema
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad, Your slave and messenger, as You sent prayers on [the family of] Ibraaheem. And send blessings on Muhammad [Your slave and messenger], [and the family of Muhammad,] as you sent blessings on Ibraaheem [and on the famly of Ibraaheem].²²²
6. 
   Allahuma salli ala Muhammadin wa ala azwaajihi wa dhurriyaatihi kama sallayta ala aali Ibraheema  wa baarik ala Muhammadin wa ala azwaajihi wa dhurriyaatihi kama barakta ala aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed.
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad and [on] his wives and progeny, as You sent prayers on [the family of Ibraaheem]. And send blessings on Muhammad, and [on] his wives and progeny, as You sent blessings on [the family of] Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.²²³
7. 
   Allahumma salli ala Muahammadin wa ala aali Muhammadin wa barik ala Muhammadin wa ala aali Muhammadin kama sallayta wa barikta ala Ibraheema wa aali Ibraheema innaka hameedun majeed.
   O Allaah! send prayers on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, and send blessings on Muhammad, and on the family of Muhammad, as you sent prayers and sent blessings on Ibraaheem and the family of Ibraaheem; You are indeed Worthy of Praise, Full of Glory.²²⁴

Ameen!!!!!!!!!!! Allahumma ta qabbal siyaamana wa qiyaamana wa salaatinaa wa sadaqaatina wa aatina fi dunya hasanatan wa fil aakhirati hasanatan waqina adhaabannaar. Wa aakhir da'wa wuna annil hamdulillahi rabbil aalameen.

 

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