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From:
Andrej Grubacic <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
The philosophy, work & influences of Noam Chomsky
Date:
Fri, 4 Feb 2000 20:08:38 +0100
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A LITTLE INFO ABOUT JUSTICE INTERNATIONAL:

Now that we have many more new subscribers in our distribution list for the
Justice International News and Comment Service - which is totally free of
charge and aims to reach the greatest possible number of people - it may be
worth imposing upon those who already are fully aware of these basic facts
about our organisation, in order to impart some additional information to
our new friends.

Below a copy of the People's Petition Against War Crimes in Yugoslavia that
gave the initial impulse and motive force around which Justice
International first came together.

This petition arose from people of all walks of life who were demanding
justice while so much criminal destruction was being inflicted last year in
Yugoslavia.  Most of these people were simple participants in the protests
that arose in various cities of Europe and the USA against this war of
aggression.

While the "leaders" of the "Peace Movements" were merely talking of asking
the warmongers to desist and "stop bombing", the people from the rank and
file wanted nothing less than to put an end to this injustice and deal
exemplary punishment to all its perpetrators. They took exclusively the
side of all their brothers and sisters of all ethnic origins in the
martyred land of Yugoslavia.

As soon as Justice International began circulating these petitions, in
London, Glasgow and many other British towns, and later in the USA,
thousands upon thousands of people of all walks of life came forward to
sign it with enthusiasm and hope, many took sheaves of forms to fill in
their own home towns and districts.

This initiative of Justice International coincided too with the initiatives
that were independently undertaken by distinguished legal people of
integrity, such as those from Cambridge and Canadian Universities, who
indeed drafted more comprehensive legal indictments against the NATO
leaders.

In this brief brochure we are republishing the following documents:

1) Text of the Justice International Petition and Witness statement to be
submitted before the United Nations War Crimes Tribunal for Yugoslavia in
The Hague.

2) Text of the legal opinion of one of the surviving US Prosecutors at the
Nuremberg Trials, substantiating the legal and ethical principles upon
which the Justin Petition is based.

3) Text of the "founding" leaflet inviting people to become associated with
Justice International and its work.

4) A brief indication of ways of helping the development of Justice
International and contributing to the spread and strengthening of its
guiding principles in the world.
__________________________

1)

INDICT ALL WAR CRIMINALS IN YUGOSLAVIA WITHOUT FEAR OR FAVOUR - INDICT
CLINTON, BLAIR, SCHROEDER, SOLANA AND CO.

In the interest of Justice, Fairness, and the majesty of international law,
we the undersigned appeal before the United Nations International War
Crimes Tribunal for Yugoslavia, to proceed and indict the following persons:

1) Mr. William Jefferson Clinton, of 1600 Pennsylvania Av., Washington DC,
USA.
2) Mr. Anthony Blair, of 10 Downing Street, London SW1, U.K.
3) Mr. Gerhard Schroeder, Office of the Prime Minister, Berlin, F.R. of
Germany
4) Mr. Javier Solana, Office of the General Secretary, NATO, Brussels,
Belgium
5) Mr. Jacques Chirac, Elyssee Palace, Paris, Republic of France
6) All other members of the executive bodies of the governments conforming
NATO, Defence and Foreign Secretaries, together with responsible officers
in all political and military organisations under the command of the named
principals, who may be found to share their responsibility, as accomplices,
aides and abettors, in wilfully violating the Geneva Convention relating to
the Conduct of War (War Crimes) as detailed below.

We understand that this International War Crimes Tribunal has
responsibility for gathering evidence against those who may have committed
war crimes within the territory of the Yugoslav Federal Republic.  We wish
it success. In pressing this complaint backed by our signatures, we are
acting out of our conviction that justice must not only be fair, but also
seen to be fair and equitable. That no one, no matter who, or how high the
position he/she occupies, should be above the law, lest it should fall into
disrepute and public contempt.

We have all witnessed on TV the war crime we are here reporting.  Article
51, paragraph C, of the Geneva Convention governing the conduct of war,
clearly typifies as such any intentional attack carried out against
civilians who are not directly involved in military actions bearing arms.
The above named individuals, deliberately and with foreknowledge of the
consequences, ordered the bombing of Belgrade's main television studios,
causing a score of unarmed civilian casualties. In fact, this crime has
already been publicly admitted by the accused, and by their official
spokespersons and representatives before the entire world.  Therefore, we
expect justice to be done and for the tribunal to act in an exemplary,
speedy, and impartial manner.



NAME            ADDRESS         SIGNATURE



Please send to:  Sam Perera & Co. Solicitors - 542B High Road  - Wembley -
Middlesex HA0 2AA - UK


To 'sign' an E-copy of this petition: Visit the Justice International US
Committee Web site at:

http://www.go.to/justinusa

And click the sign on line button

Otherwise: You can return this form duly signed to

[log in to unmask]
or
[log in to unmask]


______________________________________

2)
WAR CRIMES LAW APPLIES TO U.S. TOO
By Walter J. Rockler.*

* Walter J. Rockler, a law partner with the well-known Washington law firm
of Arnold and Porter, was a prosecutor at the Nuremberg War Crimes Trial.

WASHINGTON -- As justification for our murderously destructive bombing
campaign in Yugoslavia, it is of course necessary for the U.S. to charge
that the Serbs have engaged in inhuman conduct, and that President Slobodan
Milosevic, the head Serb demon, is a war criminal almost without peer.

President Clinton assures us of this in frequent briefings, during which he
engages in rhetorical combat with Milosevic. But shouting "war criminal"
only emphasises that those who live in glass houses should be careful about
throwing stones.

We have engaged in a flagrant military aggression, ceaselessly attacking a
small country primarily to demonstrate that we run the world. The rationale
that we are simply enforcing international morality, even if it were true,
would not excuse the military aggression and widespread killing that it
entails. It also does not lessen the culpability of the authors of this
aggression.

As a primary source of international law, the judgement of the Nuremberg
Tribunal in the 1945-1946 case of the major Nazi war criminals is plain and
clear. Our leaders often invoke and praise that judgement, but obviously
have not read it. The International Court declared: To initiate a war of
aggression, therefore, is not only an international crime, it is the
supreme international crime differing only from other war crimes in that it
contains within itself the accumulated evil of the whole.

At Nuremberg, the United States and Britain pressed the prosecution of Nazi
leaders for planning and initiating aggressive war. Supreme Court Justice
Robert Jackson, the head of the American prosecution staff, asserted "that
launching a war of aggression is a crime and that no political or economic
situation can justify it." He also declared that "if certain acts in
violation of treaties are crimes, they are crimes whether the United States
does them or whether Germany does them, and we are not prepared to lay down
a rule of criminal conduct against others which we would not be willing to
have invoked against us."

The United Nations Charter views aggression similarly. Articles 2 (4) and
(7) prohibit interventions in the domestic jurisdiction of any country and
threats of force or the use of force by one state against another. The
General Assembly of the UN in Resolution 2131, "Declaration on the
Inadmissibility of Intervention," reinforced the view that a forceful
military intervention in any country is aggression and a crime without
justification.

Putting a "NATO" label on aggressive policy and conduct does not give that
conduct any sanctity. This is simply a perversion of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organisation, formed as a defensive alliance under the UN Charter.
The North Atlantic Treaty pledged its signatories to refrain from the
threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the
United Nations, and it explicitly recognised "the primary responsibility of
the Security Council (of the United Nations) for the maintenance of
international peace and security." Obviously, in bypassing UN approval for
the current bombing, the U.S. and NATO have violated this basic obligation.

From another standpoint of international law, the current conduct of the
bombing by the United States and NATO constitutes a continuing war crime.
Contrary to the beliefs of our war planners, unrestricted air bombing is
barred under international law. Bombing the "infrastructure" of a country--
waterworks, electricity plants, bridges, factories, television and radio
locations--is not an attack limited to legitimate military objectives. Our
bombing has also caused an excessive loss of life and injury to civilians,
which violates another standard. We have now killed hundreds, if not
thousands, of Serbs, Montenegrins and Albanians, even some Chinese, in our
pursuit of humanitarian ideals.

In addition to shredding the UN Charter and perverting the purpose of NATO,
Clinton also has violated at least two provisions of the United States
Constitution. Under Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, Congress,
not the president, holds the power to declare war and to punish offences
against the law of nations. Alexander Hamilton in The Federalist No. 69
pointed out one difference between a monarchy and the presidency under the
new form of government: A king could use his army as he pleased; the
president would have no such unlimited power. Under Article VI of the
Constitution, treaties, far from being mere scraps of paper as we now deem
them to be, are part of the supreme law of the United States. Of course,
these days a supine Congress, fascinated only by details of sexual
misconduct, can hardly be expected to enforce constitutional requirements.

Nor can a great deal be expected from the media. Reporters rely on the
controlled handouts of the State Department, Pentagon and NATO, seeing
their duty as one of adding colourful details to official intimations of
Serb atrocities. Thus, the observation of a NATO press relations officer
that a freshly plowed field, seen from 30,000 feet up, might be the site of
a massacre has been disseminated as news.

The notion that humanitarian violations can be redressed with random
destruction and killing by advanced technological means is inherently
suspect. This is mere pretext for our arrogant assertion of dominance and
power in defiance of international law. We make the non-negotiable demands
and rules, and implement them by military force. It is all remindful of
Henrik Ibsen's "Don't use that foreign word `ideals.' We have that
excellent native word `lies'."

Chicago Tribune, 23 May 1999.

Republished by: Justin (Justice International)
_____________________________

3)

WHO IS JUSTIN?


We are Justice International - Justin for short. We stand for Justice Fair
and Equal for All Peoples and Nations.  We are currently engaged in a
campaign to demand Justice for the People of Yugoslavia.  We demand: 1)
Indictment of all those who may be responsible for crimes against the
people of all nationalities in Yugoslavia. 2) Justice and full compensation
for all the victims and damage inflicted during the recent war.  Our
organisation has collected tens of thousands of witness statements
regarding the commission of war crimes. This is a world-wide citizens'
petition directed to the International War Crimes Tribunal of the United
Nations in The Hague. From that Tribunal we demand full, fair and unbiased
application of international law, the United Nations Charter, and
particularly, of the Nuremberg Trials criteria, for all war crimes
committed within the territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia,
including Kosovo by any parties whatsoever.

According to the criteria established at the 1945-46 Nuremberg Trials of
the Nazi war criminals, the main culprits for all the war crimes committed
in Yugoslavia are William Jefferson Clinton and Anthony Blair. They are
responsible, together with all other NATO leaders, foreign and defence
ministers, and all other officials and individuals involved in the
launching of the recent war of aggression.

The Judgement of the International Court at Nuremberg declared: "To
initiate a war of aggression.. is the supreme international crime,
differing only from other war crimes in that it contains within itself the
accumulated evil of the whole".

Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson - the Chief American Prosecutor at
Nuremberg - put this even more clearly: "Launching a war of aggression is a
crime that no political or economic situation can justify".   Justice
Jackson stated: ".. if certain acts in violation of treaties are crimes,
they are crimes whether the United States does them or Germany does them....
we are not prepared to lay down a rule of criminal conduct against others
which we would not be willing to have invoked against us".

The NATO media which is today continuing its aggression by bombing the
Yugoslav people with spurious  - even racist - allegations has not even
bothered to read the Judgement at Nuremberg it so frequently and vulgarly
invokes. NATO is now trying vainly to justify its own conduct by shifting
its own responsibilities for all the crimes committed in Yugoslavia during
its war of aggression on to others. However, as the text of the Nuremberg
Judgement itself makes plain, even the crimes charged against the Milosevic
regime, fall in fact squarely into NATO's own sphere of legal
responsibility. As the initiators of aggression in this war, NATO's actions
cannot be justified by any political or economic situation whatsoever, as
stated by the Judgement at Nuremberg.

We welcome the indictments so far handed down by the United Nations War
Crimes Tribunal for Yugoslavia, including the indictment of President
Milosevic and others. We think that nothing can justify the wilful
violation of the laws of war, and that no one, however high the office
he/she occupies, or the nation he/she may belong to, should be above the
law.

However, we demand that this tribunal should act fairly and consistently.
That this Tribunal should proceed forthwith to indict principally, also the
politicians, officials, journalists, military chiefs, etc., of NATO, and
all others responsible of what the Tribunal at Nuremberg establishes as
"the supreme war crime containing within itself all others": Warmongering
and the launching of war of aggression.

IF YOU SHARE THESE PRINCIPLES, AND HAVE A GRAIN OF SAND TO CONTRIBUTE IN
BUILDING A JUST WORLD ORDER, THEN JUSTIN IS YOU!

Help develop Justin's campaign: "Justice for the People of Yugoslavia",
contact, in London: [log in to unmask] : 0181 672 6708 in Scotland,
Alessandra: [log in to unmask] : 0131 556 4370 - in USA, (Rhode Island
Justin Committee),  Louis Godena ([log in to unmask]): (401) 334 - 4296 -
cell phone (508) 930 - 7079. Charlotte Kates ([log in to unmask]), Jay Miles:
[log in to unmask], Canada: [log in to unmask]

4)

THIS IS A BRIEF APPEAL FOR SUPPORT FROM ALL THOSE WHO APPRECIATE THE
IMPORTANCE OF OUR SERVICE. ALL FUNDS GO TO STRENGTHEN AND DEVELOP JUSTICE
INTERNATIONAL INTO A GENUINE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE IN ALL LEVELS AND
CIRCUMSTANCES.

There are a number of ways you can help the work of Justice International:

1) By becoming more closely associated with Justin and subscribing to its
editorial board list at

[log in to unmask]

where you can submit contributions for the News & Comment Service and for
the Quarterly Bulletin which is under preparation.

2) By sending a direct donation to:

JUSTICE INTERNATIONAL (JUSTIN)
Lloyds Bank TSB
Kensington High Street Branch
112 Kensington High Street Branch
London W8 4SN

Branch  # 30-94-65

Account #  191258802

3) By accessing the Justice International US Committee WEB site at:

http://www.go.to/justinusa

or

http://members.xoom.com/justinusa/

and clicking then into the amazon.com icon you will find there.  Whenever
you intend to purchase any books, software, music (CDs, etc), videos,
computers or peripherals, gifts, office equipment, or any other of the
immense variety of E-commerce offerings offered by this leading company,
remember that going to amazon.com passing first through the Justin Web site
will mean that 5% of what you expend, will at no extra cost to you, be
contributed to the economy of Justice International, which must be
maintained totally dependent on the people, and the people alone.

In the very near future, Justice International will establish its own
bookshop that may be accessed in the same manner. There we shall place an
electronic selection of recommended articles, books, videos, etc. available
through amazon.com. However, here the percentage going to Justin will
increase to 15%.  Also, a link to the German and UK sites of amazon.com in
the same terms should be established soon, for those who would prefer to
make their purchases closer to home.

Thank you very much for your patience and attention, and our apologies
again for this long but necessary posting.

Yours

Justice International Secretariat



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