* Today in Black History - January 18 *
1856 - Dr. Daniel Nathan Hale Williams is born in Hollidaysburg,
Pennsylvania. He will graduate from Chicago Medical
College in 1883 and begin his practice on Chicago's South
Side. After 8 years of frustration, not being able to use
the facilities at the white hospitals in Chicago, he will
found Provident Hospital in 1891 and open it to patients of
all races. He will make his mark in medical history on
July 10, 1893, when he becomes the first African American
surgeon to perform a successful open heart surgery. He will
join the ancestors on August 4, 1931 after succumbing to a
stroke.
1896 - British troops occupy Kumasi, West Africa. The Ashanti turned
down an unofficial offer to become a British protectorate in
1891, extending to 1894. The British also wanted to establish
a British resident in Kumasi. The Ashanti King Prempeh refused
to surrender his sovereignty. Because the British wanted to
keep French and German forces out of Ashanti territory (and its
gold), the British were anxious to conquer the Ashanti once and
for all. The Ashanti sent a delegation to London offering
concessions on its gold, cocoa and rubber trade as well as
submission to the crown. The British however had already made
its mind up on a military solution.
1944 - The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City hosts a jazz
concert for the first time. The performers will include Louis
Armstrong and Lionel Hampton.
1948 - The first courses begin at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria.
1949 - Congressman William Dawson is elected chairman of the House
Expenditure Committee. He is the first African American to
head a standing committee of Congress.
1958 - Willie Eldon O'Ree becomes the first person of African descent to
play in the National Hockey League, when he debuts with the
Boston Bruins in a 3-0 win over Montreal in the Forum.
1961 - Zanzibar's Afro-Shirazi party wins 1 seat by a single vote and
control Parliament by a single seat.
1962 - Southern University is closed because of demonstrations
protesting the expulsion of student sit-in activists.
1966 - Robert C. Weaver takes the oath of office as Secretary of the
Department of Housing and Urban Development. Appointed by
President Lyndon B. Johnson, Weaver becomes the first
African American to serve in a U.S. President's Cabinet.
1972 - Garfield Todd, former Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia and
his daughter Judith, supporters of black majority rule in the
country, are arrested.
1973 - The Boston Red Sox sign Orlando Cepeda. He will become the first
player to sign a contract to exclusively play as a designated
hitter.
1975 - "The Jeffersons," one of the first TV shows about an African
American family, is seen for the first time. The Jeffersons,
who move to Manhattan's posh East Side, are the former
neighbors of the Bunkers in the sitcom "All in the Family."
The Jeffersons will be the first show to introduce the
subject of mixed marriages humorously and tastefully in
prime time TV. Sherman Hemsley plays George Jefferson and
Isabelle Sanford the role of Louise, his wife.
1989 - Otis Redding, The Temptations, and Stevie Wonder are inducted
into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame.
1990 - The South African government announces that it is reconsidering a
ban on the African National Congress.
1990 - Washington, DC mayor Marion Barry is arrested for allegedly
purchasing and using crack cocaine in a Washington, DC hotel room.
The circumstances surrounding his arrest, trial, and subsequent
conviction on one count of misdemeanor cocaine possession will be
hotly debated by African American and white citizens of the
District and elsewhere.
1993 - The Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday is observed in all 50 states
for the first time.
1995 - South African President Nelson Mandela's cabinet denies amnesty
sought by 3,500 police officers in apartheid's waning days.
1998 - The Boston Celtics retire Robert Parrish's jersey #00.
2000 - Jester Hairston, who appeared on radio and TV's "Amos 'n' Andy," but
who was better known to younger fans as the wise old church member
Rolly on the sitcom "Amen," joins the ancestors in Los Angeles,
California at the age of 98.
2002 - The Sierra Leone Civil War is finally declared over.
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