* Today in Black History - February 18 *
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"Once a year we go through the charade of February being 'Black
History Month.' Black History Month needs to be a 12-MONTH THING.
When we all learn about our history, about how much we've
accomplished while being handicapped with RACISM, it can only
inspire us to greater heights, knowing we're on the giant shoulders
of our ANCESTORS." Subscribe to the Munirah Chronicle and receive
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1688 - The first formal protest against slavery by an organized white
body in the English American colonies is made by Germantown,
Pennsylvania Quakers and Mennonites at a monthly meeting. When
some members of the Quaker community began to buy slaves,
Francis Daniel Pastorius, the founder of Germantown, was
outraged. On this day, Pastorius will meet with three other
Germantown Quaker men to draft a denunciation of slavery.
Known as "The Germantown Protest," it is regarded as the first
protest against slavery by whites in the American colonies.
The reasoning of the denunciation was based on the Golden
Rule: since white people did not want to be slaves themselves,
they had no right to enslave Black African men and women.
Despite the Germantown Protest, some Quaker families continued
to keep slaves. Nonetheless, by the 19th century Quakers were
prominent in the movement to abolish slavery in the United
States.
1865 - Confederate Troops abandon Charleston, South Carolina. The
first Union troops to enter the city include the Twenty-first
U.S. Colored Troops, followed by two companies of the Fifty-
fourth Massachusetts Volunteers.
1867 - The Augusta Institute is founded in Georgia. It is established
as an institution of higher learning for African American
students, and moves to Atlanta in 1879. In 1913, the name ?will
be changed to Morehouse College.
1894 - Paul Revere Williams is born in Los Angeles, California. He will
become a certified architect in 1921, and the first certified
African American architect west of the Mississippi. He will
also become the first African American member of the American
Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1923. In 1939, he will win the
AIA Award of Merit for his design of the MCA Building in Los
Angeles. He will become one of the most famous African American
architects, designer of private residences in Los Angeles, the
Hollywood YMCA, the Beverly-Wiltshire Hotel, UCLA's Botany
Building and many others. Among his many awards will be the
NAACP's Spingarn Medal in 1953. He will join the ancestors on
January 23, 1980.
1931 - Toni Morrison is born in Lorain, Ohio. She will become one of
the most celebrated modern novelists of the 20th century,
winning the National Book Critics Award in 1978 for "Song of
Solomon" and the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1988 for
"Beloved." In 1993, she will become the first African
American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. She will join
the ancestors on August 5, 2019.
1939 - James Patterson Lyke is born on the South side of Chicago,
Illinois, the youngest of seven children of Amos and Ora (nee
Sneed) Lyke. His father will abandon the family, leaving his
mother to raise the children in impoverished surroundings,
relying on welfare checks. The family will live in a flat,
where there were no beds and the only source of heat will be a
coal stove, before moving to Wentworth Gardens, a Chicago
housing project. His mother, a Baptist, will send James to a
Catholic school in the fourth grade in order to keep him out
of trouble, and will do the church's laundry to help pay the
tuition. Shortly afterwards, she and six of her children,
including James, will convert to Catholicism. He will join the
Franciscan order in 1959, studying at St. Francis Novitiate in
Teutopolis, Illinois, and obtaining his bachelor of arts degree
in philosophy at Our Lady of Angels House of Philosophy through
Quincy College in Illinois. He will hold a master's of divinity
from St. Joseph Theological Seminary in Teutopolis and receive
a Ph.D. in theology in 1981 from The Union Graduate School in
Cincinnati, Ohio. He will serve as Archbishop of Atlanta,
Georgia from 1991 to 1992. He will join the ancestors on
December 27, 1992, succumbing to cancer. At the time of his
transition, he will be the highest-ranking Black Catholic
clergyman in the United States.
1957 - Dedan Kimathi, a Kenyan freedom fighter, joins the ancestors after
being executed by the British colonial government.
1965 - The Gambia gains its independence from Great Britain.
1973 - Palmer Hayden joins the ancestors in New York City. One of the
principal artists of the Harlem Renaissance who, like Henry 0.
Tanner and others, studied in Paris, his most enduring work
often depicted everyday scenes of African American life.
1979 - The miniseries "Roots: The Next Generations" premiers on ABC
TV.
1995 - The NAACP replaces veteran chairman William Gibson with Myrlie
Evers-Williams, the widow of slain civil rights leader Medgar
Evers, after the rank-and-file declared no confidence in
Gibson's leadership.
2006 - Shani Davis, from Chicago's South Side, becomes the first Black
athlete to claim an individual gold medal in Winter Olympic
history, winning the 1,000-meter speedskating race in 1 min.,
8.89 seconds.
2013 - Damon Harris, former member of the Motown group The Temptations,
joins the ancestors at the age of 62 after succumbing to prostate
cancer. Harris joined the Temptations at age 20 in 1971 and
replaced Eddie Kendricks, one of the group's original lead
singers. He was with the group until 1975, and was best known for
singing tenor on the group's hit, "Papa was a Rolling Stone."
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