* Today in Black History - November 13 *
1839 - The first anti-slavery political party (Liberty Party) is
organized and convenes in Warsaw, New York. Samuel
Ringgold Ward and Henry Highland Garnet are two of the
earliest supporters of the new political party.
1910 - Painter and printmaker, Wilmer Angier Jennings, is born in
Atlanta, Georgia. A graduate of Morehouse College and
student of Hale Woodruff, Jennings will be employed by the
Public Works for Art Project and Works Progress
Administration in the 1930's, where he will paint murals
and landscape paintings, and produce prints.
1913 - Dr Daniel Hale Williams, the first physician to perform
open heart surgery, becomes a member of the American
College of Surgeons.
1940 - The United States Supreme Court rules in Hansberry vs. Lee
that whites cannot bar African Americans from white
neighborhoods. The Supreme Court's ruling in the case
brought by wealthy real-estate broker Carl Hansberry of
Chicago, allows the Hansberry family, including 10-year-
old daughter Lorraine, to move into a white neighborhood.
1949 - Caryn Johnson is born in New York City. She will grow up
in the ghettos of New York, overcome drug addiction and
poverty, and become known as Whoopi Goldberg, multi-
talented comedian and actress and Academy Award winner
for her supporting role performance in "Ghost" in 1991.
1951 - Janet Collins, becomes the first African American ballerina
to appear with the Metropolitan Opera Company.
1956 - The Supreme Court upholds a lower court decision banning
segregation on city buses in Montgomery, Alabama. The
Court establishes grounds for challenging bus segregation
in nine states that have violated the 15th Amendment.
1956 - Dancer Geoffrey Holder begins a contract with the
Metropolitan Opera. Holder will dance in 26 performances,
including "Aida" and "La Perichole", and his career will
include dance, acting, and art collecting.
1967 - Carl Stokes becomes the first African American mayor of a
major U.S. city when he is inaugurated mayor of Cleveland,
Ohio.
1973 - Reggie Jackson, of the Oakland Athletics, unanimously wins
the American League MVP award.
1985 - Dwight Gooden, the youngest 20 game winner in Major League
baseball history, wins the Cy Young award.
1992 - Riddick Bowe wins the undisputed heavyweight boxing title
in Las Vegas with a unanimous decision over Evander
Holyfield.
1996 - A grand jury in St. Petersburg, Florida, declines to indict
police officer Jim Knight, who had shot African American
motorist TyRon Lewis to death the previous month. The
decision prompts angry mobs to return to the streets.
1996 - An all-white jury in Pittsburgh acquits a suburban police
officer, John Vojtas, in the death of African American
motorist Johnny Gammage in a verdict that angers African
American activists.
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