* Today in Black History - April 25 *
1905 - Doxey Alphonso Wilkerson is born in Excelsior Springs, Missouri.
He will become an educator at Howard University in Washington,
D.C. and Yeshiva University in New York City. In 1944, he will
publish an essay in the anthology, "What The Negro Wants,"
which will illustrate comparisons between the Allied struggle
in Europe during World War II and the civil rights struggle of
African Americans in the United States. As a member of the
American Communist Party, he will work as a civil rights
activist. This affiliation will cause him to be repeatedly
investigated by the U.S. House Committee on Un-American
Activities. After resigning from the Communist Party in 1957,
he will continue to be active in civil right activities and
educational pursuits until his retirement in 1984. He will
join the ancestors on June 17, 1993 in Norwalk, Connecticut.
1916 - Madeline M. Turner receives a patent for the fruit press.
1918 - Ella Jane Fitzgerald is born in Newport News, Virginia.
Discovered at an amateur contest at the Apollo Theatre in
1934, she will be a leading jazz vocalist of the swing era.
Known for her renditions of such songs as "A Tisket, A Tasket"
(her first million-seller), her unique scat styling and series
of recordings of great American songwriters will make her an
enduring favorite of jazz lovers. She will join the ancestors
on June 15, 1996 in Beverly Hills, California.
1942 - Ruby Doris Smith Robinson is born in Atlanta, Georgia. She will
become a civil rights activist and a founding member of The
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). She will be
one of the original "Freedom Riders," and will assist in creating
the policy of "jail, no bail," employed by activists to fill
southern jails and bring national attention to the civil rights
struggle. After becoming SNCC's first and only female executive
secretary, she will become ill with leukemia and joins the
ancestors on October 7, 1967 in Atlanta, Georgia.
1944 - The United Negro College Fund (UNCF) is founded by Dr. Frederick
Douglass Patterson, then president of Tuskegee Institute, with 27
charter colleges and universities and a combined enrollment of
14,000 students.
1944 - George Herriman joins the ancestors in Los Angeles, California
at the age of 63. He had been a successful cartoonist who was
the author of the comic strip "Krazy Kat." The comic strip ran
successfully from 1913 until this date.
1945 - The United Nations is founded at a San Francisco meeting
attended by African American consultants, most notably W.E.B.
Du Bois, Mary McLeod Bethune, Ralph J. Bunche and Walter White.
1950 - At the NBA's annual players draft, the Boston Celtics select
Charles "Chuck" Cooper. He is the first African American ever
drafted by an NBA team.
1960 - A consent judgment in a Memphis federal court ended restrictions
barring voters in Fayette County, Tennessee. This was the first
voting rights case under the Civil Rights Act.
1972 - Major General Frederick E. Davidson becomes the first African
American to lead an Army division when he is assigned command of
the 8th Infantry Division in Europe.
1979 - Olodum, an internationally recognized Afro-Brazilian Carnival
association, is founded in Bahia, Brazil. The music of this
group celebrates Black history and protests racial discrimination.
The name Olodum is derived from the name of the supreme Yoruba
deity, 'Olodumare'.
1990 - Tenor saxophonist Dexter Gordon joins the ancestors in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania at the age of 67. A leading influence in the bop
movement along with Billy Eckstine and Dizzy Gillespie, Gordon
played in London in the early 1960's and stayed until the mid-1970's.
Elected to the Jazz Hall of Fame in 1980, his role in the 1986 movie
"'Round Midnight" will revive interest in his music and earn him an
Academy Award nomination for best actor.
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