* Today in Black History - October 11 *
1864 - Slavery is abolished in Maryland.
1865 - Jamaican national hero, Paul Bogle, leads a successful
protest march to the Morant Bay Courthouse. Poverty and
injustice in Jamaican society and lack of public
confidence in the central authority will urge Paul Bogle
to lead the march. A violent confrontation with official
forces will follow the march, resulting in the death of
nearly 500 people. Many others will be flogged and
punished before order is restored. Paul Bogle will be
captured and hanged on October 24, 1865. His forceful
demonstration will pave the way for the establishment of
just practices in the courts and bring about a change in
official attitude, making possible the social and economic
betterment of the Jamaican people.
1882 - Robert Nathaniel Dett, is born in Ontario, Canada. He will
become an acclaimed concert pianist, composer, arranger,
and choral conductor. He will receive his musical
education at the Oliver Willis Halstead Conservatory in
Lockport, NY, Oberlin College (BM, 1908, composition and
piano), and the Eastman School of Music (MM, 1938). He
will become President of the National Association of Negro
Musicians from 1924-1926. His teaching tenures will
include Lane College in Tennessee, Lincoln Institute in
Missouri, Bennett College in North Carolina, and Hampton
Institute in Virginia. It will be at Hampton Institute
that he develops the choral ensembles which will receive
international acclaim and recognition. He will join the
ancestors on October 2, 1943, in Battle Creek, Michigan,
after succumbing to congestive heart failure.
1887 - A. Miles registers a patent on an elevator.
1919 - Arthur "Art" Blakey is born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Blakey, a jazz drummer credited as one of the creators of
bebop, will be best known as the founder of the Jazz
Messengers. The band will become a proving ground for some
of the best modern jazz musicians, including Horace Silver,
Hank Mobely, Freddie Hubbard, Wayne Shorter, Sonny Rollins,
Wynton Marsalis, and Branford Marsalis. He will join the
ancestors on October 16, 1990.
1926 - George Earle Plummer is born in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. He will
become a stage, television and film actor, better known as Earle Hyman.
He will study acting at HB Studio in New York City. He will make his
Broadway stage debut as a teenager in 1943 in "Run, Little Chillun,"
and later will join the American Negro Theater. The following year, he
will begin a two-year run playing the role of Rudolf on Broadway in
"Anna Lucasta," starring Hilda Simms in the title role. He will be a
member of the American Shakespeare Theatre beginning with its first
season in 1955, and will play the role of Othello in the 1957 season.
In December, 1958 he will come to London to play the leading role in
"Moon on a Rainbow Shawl," by Errol John, at the Royal Court. In 1959,
he will again appear in the West End, this time in the first London
production of "A Raisin In the Sun" alongside Kim Hamilton. The show will
run at the Adelphi Theatre and be directed again by Lloyd Richards. A
life member of The Actors Studio, he will appear throughout his career in
productions in both the United States and Norway, where he will also own
property. In 1965, he will win a Theatre World Award and in 1988, he will
be awarded the St Olav's medal for his work in Norwegian theater. In
addition to his stage work, he will appear in various television and film
roles including adaptions of "Macbeth" (1968), "Julius Caesar" (1979),
and "Coriolanus" (1979), and will voice Panthro on the animated television
series "ThunderCats" (1985–1990). He will play two roles (at different
times) on television's "The Edge of Night." One of his most well known
roles, that of Russell Huxtable in "The Cosby Show," will earn him an Emmy
Award nomination in 1986. He will play the father of lead character Cliff
Huxtable, played by actor Bill Cosby, despite only being 11 years older
than Cosby. He will join the ancestors on November 17, 2017.
1929 - Curtis Amy is born in Houston, Texas. He will become a West Coast jazz
musician known for his work on tenor saxophone. He will also explore
styles such as soul jazz and hard bop. He will learn how to play clarinet
before joining the Army, and during his time in service, will pick up the
tenor saxophone. After his discharge, he will attend and graduate from
Kentucky State College. He will work as an educator in Tennessee while
playing in midwestern jazz clubs. In the mid-1950s, he will relocate to
Los Angeles and sign with Pacific Jazz Records, often playing with organist
Paul Bryant. In the mid-60s, he will spend three years as musical director
of Ray Charles' orchestra, together with his wife, Merry Clayton and Steve
Huffsteter. As well as leading his own bands and recording albums under his
own name, he will also do session work and play the solos on several
recordings, including The Doors song "Touch Me", Carole King's "Tapestry,"
and Lou Rawls' first albums, "Black and Blue and Tobacco Road," coinciding
with Dexter Gordon in the Onzy Matthews big band, as well as working with
Marvin Gaye, Tammy Terrell and Smokey Robinson. Up until his transition, he
will be married to singer and recording artist Merry Clayton. He will join
the ancestors on June 5, 2002.
1936 - Willie Joe Ligon is born in Troy, Alabama. He will become
the founder and lead singer of the three time Grammy Award
winning group - The Mighty Clouds of Joy of Los Angeles,
California. The Mighty Clouds of Joy will be the first gospel
group to appear on the television show, "Soul Train." Ligon
will describe the reaction to their performance in a 1993
interview with The Associated Press. "We were one of the
first groups to do contemporary gospel. And we got stoned
for it," Ligon will say. The group's crossover hit "Mighty
High," will jump to the top of the pop charts in 1975. Youth
dancing to the song in disco clubs will leave the church
community unsure how to react. The group will win Grammy
awards in 1978 and 1979 for best traditional soul gospel
performance and again in 1991 for best traditional soul
gospel album. The Mighty Clouds of Joy will celebrate more
than 60 years of ministry with their 78th recording project
entitled "Down Memory Lane: Chapter 2" on MCG Records which
will be recorded live in Atlanta, Georgia and it will
feature new songs as well as some of their classic Grammy
Award winning hits. He will join the ancestors on December 11,
2016.
1939 - Coleman Hawkins records his famous "Body and Soul" in New
York City.
1939 - The NAACP organizes the Education and Legal Defense Fund.
1941 - Lester Bowie is born in Bartonsville, Frederick County, Maryland.
He will become a jazz trumpet player and composer. He will be a
member of the Association for the Advancement of Creative
Musicians and will co-found the Art Ensemble of Chicago. At the
age of five, he will start studying the trumpet with his father,
a professional musician. He will play with blues musicians such
as Little Milton and Albert King, and rhythm and blues stars such
as Solomon Burke, Joe Tex, and Rufus Thomas. In 1965, he will
become Fontella Bass's musical director and husband. He will be a
co-founder of Black Artists Group (BAG) in St Louis. In 1966, he
will move to Chicago, where he will work as a studio musician, and
meet Muhal Richard Abrams and Roscoe Mitchell and become a member
of the AACM. In 1968, he will found the Art Ensemble of Chicago
with Mitchell, Joseph Jarman, and Malachi Favors. He will remain a
member of this group for the rest of his life, and will also be a
member of Jack DeJohnette's New Directions quartet. He will live
and work in Jamaica and Africa, and will play and record with Fela
Kuti. His onstage appearance, in a white lab coat, with his goatee
waxed into two points, will be an important part of the Art
Ensemble's stage show. In 1984, he will form Lester Bowie's Brass
Fantasy, a brass nonet in which he will demonstrate jazz's links to
other forms of popular music, a decidedly more populist approach
than that of the Art Ensemble. With this group he will record songs
previously associated with Whitney Houston, Michael Jackson, and
Marilyn Manson, along with other material. His New York Organ
Ensemble will feature James Carter and Amina Claudine Myers. In the
mid 1980s, he will also be part of the jazz supergroup The Leaders,
featuring tenor saxophonist Chico Freeman, alto saxophonist Arthur
Blythe, drummer Famoudou Don Moye, pianist Kirk Lightsey, and bassist
Cecil McBee. At this time, he will also be playing the opening theme
music for The Cosby Show. He will join the ancestors on November 8,
1999.
1943 - Keith Boyce is born in Castle, St Peter, Barbados. He will become a
cricketer who will play 21 Tests and 8 One Day Internationals for the
West Indies between 1971 and 1976. He will join the ancestors succumbing
to the effects of chronic cirrhosis of the liver, while sitting in a chair
at a pharmacists in Speightstown, Barbados, on his birthday on October 11,
1996. He will be the first man to take eight wickets in a List A match; he
will achieve the feat when he takes 8-26 for Essex against Lancashire in
1971. No other player will dismiss eight batsmen in a one-day innings until
Kent's Derek Underwood claims 8-31 against Scotland sixteen years later.
His finest moment in Test cricket came in the first test of the 1973 tour
of England, when he takes 5/70 and 6/77 in a 158-run victory. He will be
recruited for Essex by Trevor Bailey, and in 1974 will be named one of the
Wisden Cricketers of the Year. Following an injury, he will return to his
home island of Barbados, where he will suffer several personal setbacks.
1950 - Andrew Woolfolk is born in San Antonio, Texas. He will become a flautist,
percussionist, and reedist, playing alto saxophone, tenor saxophone and
soprano saxophone. He will become a early member of one of America's most
prolific rhythm and blues bands, Earth, Wind & Fire. Earth, Wind, and Fire
will be awarded a Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for Recording at 7080
Hollywood Boulevard in Hollywood, California.
1960 - Curtis Glenn Ford is born in Jackson, Mississippi. He will become a
professional baseball outfielder, who will play in Major League Baseball
(MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals and Philadelphia Phillies, from 1985
through 1990. He will attend Jackson State University and play college
baseball for the Jackson State Tigers. The St. Louis Cardinals will select
him in the fourth round of the 1981 Major League Baseball (MLB) Draft. He
will make his MLB debut with the Cardinals on June 22, 1985. He will bat
.308 in the 1987 World Series for the Cardinals versus the Minnesota Twins.
After the 1988 season, the Cardinals will trade him and Steve Lake to the
Philadelphia Phillies for Milt Thompson. In his MLB career, he will have
seven home runs, 89 runs batted in, and a batting average of .245. On May
12, 2010, he will be announced as the new manager of the Springfield Sliders,
a wood-bat collegiate baseball team in the Prospect League. The team plays at
Lanphier Park in Springfield, Illinois. He will take over duties from former
manager Jack Clark.
1962 - Martin Ashley Bayless is born in Dayton, Ohio. He will become a professional
football cornerback/safety who will play 13 seasons in the National Football
League (NFL). He will play college football at Bowling Green State University.
After retiring from the NFL in 1998, he wlll join the Buffalo Bills as a Front
Office Executive in 2000. He will transition into coaching in the college ranks,
and he will later hold jobs with several professional football organizations.
In 2018, he will become the assistant special teams coordinator and secondary
coach for the Birmingham Iron of the Alliance of American Football.
1970 - Lana Michele Moorer is born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York.
She will become a rapper who will first gain fame in the late 1980s,
becoming the first solo female rapper to release a full album with
1988's critically acclaimed "Lyte as a Rock." She will be considered
one of hip-hop's pioneer feminists. She will be known professionally
as MC Lyte.
1972 - A major prison uprising occurs at the Washington, DC jail.
1976 - The United Nations Day of Solidarity with South Africa is declared by the
membership of the United Nations. A special day of solidarity is observed
with the numerous political prisoners who are being held in South Africa.
1977 - Desmond Tremaine Mason is born in Waxahachie, Texas. He will become a
professional basketball player, and painter. He will play as a shooting
guard and small forward. He will also find success as an artist, working
in a variety of media. After retiring from basketball, he will become an
NBA Analyst and Sports radio co-host for The Franchise, a sports talk
station in Oklahoma City.
1980 - Nyron Paul Henry Nosworthy is born in Brixton, England to a Jamaician father
and Guyanese mother. He will become a professional footballer. Beginning
his career with Gillingham, he will move to Sunderland in 2005 with whom he
will play in the Premier League. After two lengthy loan spells with Sheffield
United he will make a permanent switch to Watford in 2012, but will be
released in the summer of 2014 after a loan spell with Bristol City. He will
represent Jamaica at the international level, playing ten games and scoring
once.
1980 - Billie Thomas joins the ancestors after a heart attack in Los Angeles,
California at the age of 49. He was an actor, most notable as the third
child to portray Buckwheat in the "Our Gang" comedies, a role he played in
some 80 episodes of the popular film series.
1985 - President Reagan bans the importation of South African gold coins known as
Krugerrands.
1987 - Michael Alex Conley, Jr. is born in Fayetteville, Arkansas. He will become
a professional basketball player for the Utah Jazz of the National Basketball
Association (NBA). He will be a member of the Memphis Grizzlies, the team who
drafted him with the fourth overall pick in the 2007 NBA draft, before being
traded in 2019 to the Utah Jazz. He is the son of Mike Conley Sr., an Olympic
gold and silver medalist in track and field. He is the Grizzlies' all-time
leading scorer.
1991 - Redd Foxx (John Elroy Sanford), comedian (Sanford & Sons, Harlem Nights), joins
the ancestors at the age of 68.
1992 - Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar is born in Manhattan and raised in The Bronx, New York.
Known professionally as Cardi B, she will become a rapper, singer, songwriter,
actress, and television personality. She will become an internet celebrity after
several of her posts and videos became viral on Vine and Instagram. From 2015 to
2017, she will appear as a regular cast member on the VH1 reality television series
"Love & Hip Hop: New York" to follow her music aspirations, and will release two
mixtapes — Gangsta Bitch Music, Vol. 1 and Vol. 2.
1994 - U.S. troops in Haiti take over the National Palace.
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