* Today in Black History - June 6 *
1716 - The first slaves arrive in Louisiana.
1779 - Haitian explorer Jean Baptiste-Pointe Du Sable founds the
first permanent settlement at the mouth of a river on the
north bank, that will become Chicago, Illinois.
1831 - The second national Black convention meets in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania. There are fifteen delegates from five
states.
1869 - Dillard University is chartered in New Orleans, Louisiana.
1934 - Roy Emile Alfredo Innis is born in Saint Croix. U.S. Virgin
Islands and will be raised in New York City. He will become
a civil rights activist and will join the Harlem chapter of
CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) in 1963. He will become
chairman of CORE in 1968 and will remain in that position
for over 47 years. He will join the ancestors on January 8,
2017 succumbing to Parkinson's disease.
1935 - Jesse Owens is elected Captain of the 1936 track team at
Ohio State University. He is the first African American to
hold such position on any Ohio State Team.
1935 - Robert Cornelius "Bobby" Mitchell is born in Hot Springs,
Arkansas. He will become a professional football player
starting as an eighth round draft selection by the
Cleveland Browns in 1958. He will play in four Pro Bowls
(one with Cleveland and three with Washington) over his
11-year playing career and is considered one of the NFL's
all-time great multi-purpose players. When he is traded to
the Washington franchise in 1962, he becomes the first
African American to play for the team. He will become an
inductee to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1983. He will
be a prominent part of the Washington Redskins organization
for over 41 years until he retires after the 2002-2003
season. He will join the ancestors on April 5, 2020.
1936 - Levi Stubbles is born in Detroit, Michigan. He will become
a rhythm and blues singer better known as Levi Stubbs. He
will be a member of the group, "The Aims." The group will
start as a backup group for Levi's cousin, Jackie Wilson.
The group will change their name to "The Four Tops" in 1956,
to avoid confusion with a band. Berry Gordy will sign the
group in 1963 and launch their first hit, "Baby, I Need Your
Loving." The group will stay together over forty years,
longer than any other popular group, with the original
personnel intact. The group will be inducted into the Rock
and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990 and the Rhythm and Blues Hall
of Fame in 2013. He will join the ancestors on October 17,
2008.
1939 - Marion Wright (later Edelman) is born in Bennettsville,
South Carolina. In addition to becoming the first African
American woman admitted to the bar in Mississippi, she
will direct the NAACP's Legal Defense and Education Fund
in New York and Mississippi and will found the Children's
Defense Fund in 1973.
1939 - Gary Levone Anderson is born in Jacksonville, Florida. He
will be raised in Norfolk, Virginia where he will become
a singer as a teenager, with a group called The Turks. He
will solo as Gary "U.S." Bonds in 1960 recording the hit
"New Orleans." His name will be inspired by a poster in a
Norfolk shop urging Americans to "Carry U. S. Bonds." In
1961 when Bonds records his version of a local group's
song, "A Night with Daddy G.," it will be re-titled
"Quarter to Three" and will be a huge hit. He will record
three additional hits in the next year. After a twenty
year decline in his career, he will make a comeback after
his fan, Bruce Springsteen, begins to use "Quarter to
Three" as his encore.
1944 - The 320th Negro Anti-Aircraft Barrage Balloon Battalion
assists in the D-Day invasion in Normandy, France.
1944 - Tommie Smith is born in Clarksville, Texas. He will become
a track star (sprinter), and Olympic athlete/runner. He
will win the Olympic Gold medal in the 200 meters in the
1968 Olympics. It will be, on the winners platform, that he
and John Carlos will raise clinched fists as the national
anthem is played. He will be inducted into the National
Track and Field Hall of Fame in 1978.
1947 - Harrison Branch is born in New York City. A graduate of the
San Francisco Art Institute and Yale University School of
Art, he will become a professor of art at Oregon State
University and photographer whose works will be exhibited
and collected in the U.S. and in Europe and will appear in
the landmark photography book, "An Illustrated Bio-
Bibliography of Black Photographers," 1940-1988, edited by
Deborah Wills Ryan. As an artist, he will spend many years
exploring an interest in relationships of tonal scales
between silver and non-silver photographic prints.
Specifically, during the early 1980s, he will investigate
the methods used to create platinum-palladium prints and
become intrigued by the superiority of the process as
compared to silver print photography. He will also work
with Platinotypes and study the subtle ways in which light
becomes subject matter. Throughout his years as a
professional, he will work primarily with bellows cameras,
which are far more technically intricate and often much
larger than are the conventional cameras of recent decades.
The subject matter of his photography will vary over time,
but will often include undeveloped natural areas. He will
exhibit his work regionally, nationally, and internationally
in venues including the Oakland Museum, the George Eastman
House in Rochester, New York, and the Bibliotheque Nationale
in Paris. In 2013, after forty years at Oregon State, he will
retire as Professor Emeritus.
1959 - James Samuel "Jimmy Jam" Harris III is born in Minneapolis,
Minnesota. He will become part of a Rhythm & Blues/Pop
songwriting and record production team with Terry Lewis. They
will enjoy great success since the 1980s with various artists,
most notably Janet Jackson. They will write 31 top ten hits in
the UK and 41 in the US. After working with other artists such
as Cherrelle and Alexander O'Neal, Jam and Lewis will be
introduced to Janet Jackson and will produce her breakthrough
album "Control" in 1986, for which the duo will win a Grammy
Award. Their collaboration on her next album, 1989's "Rhythm
Nation 1814," will prove even more successful as the album
becomes one of the top-selling albums in history with four
Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 hits. Their collaboration will continue
and remained highly successful, especially on the Billboard 200
No.1 albums "janet.," "The Velvet Rope," "All For You" and
"Unbreakable".
1966 - James Meredith is wounded by a white sniper, as he walked
along U.S. Highway 51 near Hernando, Mississippi, on the
second day of the Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson, Mississippi,
voter registration march. Meanwhile, Stokely Carmichael,
using his newly adopted name of Kwame' Toure, launches the
Black Power movement. Toure will say that the use of the
term is not anti-white, but a phrase to denote a political
strategy.
1973 - Barry White is awarded a gold record for "I'm Gonna Love
You Just a Little More Baby". It is his first hit and his
first of five, number one, million sellers. White will
begin recording in 1960. He will form the group, Love
Unlimited, in 1969 and marry one of the group's singers,
Glodean James. He will also form the 40-piece Love
Unlimited Orchestra which will have the number one hit,
"Love's Theme." He will join the ancestors on July 4,
2003 from complications of high blood pressure and kidney
disease.
1977 - Joseph Lawson Howze is installed as bishop of the Roman
Catholic diocese of Biloxi, Mississippi. He becomes the
first African American to head a U.S. diocese in the
Catholic Church in the twentieth century.
1981 - Laura Kabasomi Kakoma is born in Champaign, Illinois. She will
become a singer, songwriter, and actor better known as Somi.
Somi will build her career while developing an original and hybrid
sound she will coin as "New African Jazz." In 2007, she will
license her independently recorded album "Red Soil In My Eyes" to
the Harmonia Mundi/World Village label for her first international
distribution deal. The record will receive wide critical acclaim
with the hit single "Ingele" that will maintain a Top 10 position
on U.S. World Music Charts for several months. In 2009, Somi will
sign with independent record label ObliqSound. Her label debut "If
The Rains Come First" will release in North America on October 27,
2009, and subsequently will debut at no. 2 on Billboard Magazine's
World Music Chart and no. 21 on Billboard's Heatseekers Chart. The
album will feature South African trumpeter Hugh Masekela, Somi's
long-time mentor, as a guest on one track. In March 2011, she will
record her first live concert album at the legendary Jazz Standard
in New York City. It will be released on Palmetto Records in August
2011. In 2013, she will sign her first major label deal with Sony
Music to become one of the first artists on their relaunched
historic jazz imprint Okeh Records. Her album and major label debut,
"The Lagos Music Salon," which features Grammy-winning special
guests Angelique Kidjo and Common will debut at #1 on US Jazz Charts,
and be inspired by an 18-month sabbatical she will take in Lagos,
Nigeria. On the heels of much critical acclaim and a rapidly growing
fan base, The Huffington Post and other publications will dub Somi
"the new Nina Simone." In March 2017, she will release "Petite
Afrique" as her second album on Okeh Records. The album, which will
win a 2018 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Jazz Album, is a song
cycle about the large West African immigrant community in Harlem, New
York City in the face of rapid gentrification. It will feature
special guest Aloe Blacc. She will become a TED Senior Fellow, a 2018
United States Artists Fellow, a 2018 Soros Equality Fellow, and an
inaugural Association of Performing Arts Presenters Fellow. She will
also be the founder of the award-winning non-profit organization, New
Africa Live.
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