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From:
Allan Kiviaho <[log in to unmask]>
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Date:
Mon, 11 Aug 1997 22:59:21 -0700
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==============================================
FUNDAMENTALISTAS E MODERATISTAS DE INTERLINGUA
BASTARDISMOS E ANGLICISMOS
PAROLAS ALIEN PRENDITE O ASSIMILATE
                     II A
                - SOFTWARE -
Responsa per Allan a commentarios per Stan
==============================================

[Allan Kiviaho 970811]

Car Stan,

Gratias pro tu commentarios e traduction ab le IED. Le
traduction poterea esser util con propaganda a aliqui
interlinguista in spe.

[Stan Mulaik 970808]
In responsa al commentos de Allan super le question de
parolas international in formas del linguas original in interlingua, io
vole traducer un section del Interlingua-English Dictionary. Isto es in
connexion con un discussion
del principio del prototypo. Le section de mi traduction
es prendite de un section plus grande super casos de prototypos
nonlatin.
- - -


---

"In fin, parolas estranie que ha essite introducite a in le linguas de
controlo in annos relativemente recente e que ha retenite lor character
estranie, anque lo reteni in le vocabulario international
standardisate."

Exemplos es:

_allegro, aria, imbroglio_ del italiano;
_cargo, matador, rancho_ del espaniol;
_bouquet, bureau, chassis_ del francese;

_budget, interview, reporter, standard_ [e _software_] del anglese;

[Allan Kiviaho 970811]

BUDGET
----------------------------------------------------
CASSELL. Concise English Dictionary. 1994:
Budget: Francese: bougette, dim. of bouge, a wallet
        Latin bulga, of Gaulish origin
        (compara irlandese ancian: bolg, bolc, a bag
----------------------------------------------------
Italiano: bilancio preventivo
Spaniol : presupuesto
Francese: budget (in isto forma prendite ab anglese)
German  : Budget
Russe   : byudzhet
Svedese : budget (pronunciate budyet)
Finnese : budjetti

INTERVIEW
----------------------------------------------------
CASSELL. Concise English Dictionary. 1994:
Budget: Francese ancian: entrevue, from entrevoir
        (voir, Latin videre, to see)
----------------------------------------------------
Italiano: intervista
Spaniol : entrevista
Francese: interview (pronunciate a"ntervyu")
German  : Interview, Unterredung
Russe   : inter'vyu
Svedese : intervju
Finnese : haastattelu (jammais interview)
-----------------------------------------------------
Personalmente io preferea 'intervista', 'intervistar'

REPORTER
----------------------------------------------------
CASSELL. Concise English Dictionary. 1994:
Budget: Old French: reporter
        Latin: reportare (portare, to bring)
----------------------------------------------------
Finnese: reportteri

STANDARD
----------------------------------------------------
CASSELL. Concise English Dictionary. 1994:
Budget: Old French: estandard, from Old High-German
        standan, to stand, combined with Old French
        estendard, from Latin as extend.
----------------------------------------------------
Finnese: standardi

SOFTWARE E HARDWARE
Omnes del previe examplos era ab origine romance.
Ma 'software' e 'hardware' son parolas anglo-saxon.
Io non crede que isto parolas devenira acceptate
con official parolas in paises, ubique il ha
italiano, spaniol, portugese, francese, germano o
russe como lingua maternal. Dunque 'software' e
'hardware' non pote esser parolas 'official' in
interlingua, sed solmente slang. Naturalmente io
pote haber torto, ma in isto caso io esserea multo
consternate ...

Hodie io videva un pacchetto de programmas de Oracle
con texto:
Software             (Anglese)
Logiciel             (Francese)
Programmnye Sredstva (Russe) *
Ohjelmistoja         (Finnese ['programmas'])
Programvara          (Svedese) **

*  Sredstva = expediente o apparato, non 'ware'

** Io scribeva que le svedos usa 'mjukvara' (software) ma
   nunc io crede que illo era solmente slang e le termino
   official es 'programvara'.

[Stan Mulaik 970808]
_hinterland, kirschwasser, _landwehr_ del germano.

[Allan Kiviaho 970811]
Le grande historico anglese Arnold Toynbee usava frequentemente le
parola 'hinterland'. Ma forsan 'Landwehr'
non es un multo bon examplo. Illo non es un termino general
ma illo representar certe truppos de reserve in Germania e
Austria. Terminos correspondente son p.ex. National Guard,
Schutzkorps, Honved (Hungaria), Yeomanry (Anglaterra), Suojeluskunta e
Skyddska*r (Finlandia), Strelitsy e Opoltchenie (Russia), Nizam
(Turchia) etc.

[Stan Mulaik 970808]
In le Dictionario [IED] tal 'estranie' parolas es listate sin marcas de
accento e signos diacritic con le exception quando un tal procedura
suggerea un pronunciation absurde. Assi nos ha francese _defaite_ in
loco de _de'faite_ mais german _ku"mmel_. Anglese parolas monstra a
vices per lor orthographia si illos esseva standardisate secundo un base
brittanic o american."

[Allan Kiviaho 970811]
Io es un pauc stupefacte per le parola 'ku"mmel'. Isto parola significa:
anglese : caraway o cumin (cummin) [Arab. karawiya, perhaps
            through. medieval Latin carvi - Cassell]
          cumin [Old English cymen, Latin cuminum, Greek
            kuminon]
italiano: cumino
francese: cumin
russe   : tmin
finnese : kumina
interlingua: cumino n. 1. cumin, 2. caraway
             liquor de cumino = ku"mmel
----------------------------------------------------------
Ergo, qui ha besonio de ku"mmel con su u-umlaut?
A proposito, ku"mmel = kummel in francese. Io non trovava ulle parola
con u-umlaut in le CONCISE ENGLISH-INTERLINGUA DICTIONARY per F.P.
GOPSILL and B.C. SEXTON.
----------------------------------------------------------
Heh! Vamos dice cumino e cummel o kummel.

Ku"mmerlicherweise

Allan

--Interlingua-English Dictionary (IALA),
p. xxxviii

Stan Mulaik

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