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Subject:
From:
STAN MULAIK <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
INTERLNG: Discussiones in Interlingua
Date:
Sun, 16 Jan 2000 12:53:22 -0500
Content-Type:
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Adrian ha dicite:
>
>Al altere latere,  inquieta me un pauc le idea de construer (o eliger)
>parolas in Interlingua sin sequer le clarmente formulate procedura de
>IALA. Como nos sape ben,  in le elaboration del vocabulario de
>Interlingua, si un concepto o object o non se exprime del mesme forma in
>al minus tres de les quatro unitates linguis tic, on debe adaptar le
>parola latin. Io spera que iste principio ne es oblidate .
>

Io es perfectemente de accordo que on debe sequer le clarmente formulate
procedure de IALA.  Mais io non crede que in le caso quando il non ha
tres del quatro unitates linguistic in conformitate al un le altere que
on debe adaptar le parola latin.  Isto non es exactemente un procedura
de IALA.

E il ha multe exemplos ubi altere principios supplementari esseva usate.

Io vole ora prender duo paragraphos de un articulo que Dr. Alexander Gode
presentava al "Modern Language Association" (Association de Linguas Moderne)
in 1954, un articulo que ille me inviava in circa 1955):

Hence every concept -- regardless of whether it was conceived in
English or in one of the other source languages had to qualify as
international before its claim to  representation in the international
vocabulary could be acknowledged.  This led to the striking
observation that the international vocabulary already assembled on the
basis of internationality of form was adequate on the whole in regard
to abstract, scientific. and generally learned terms.  The gaps
appeared rather in the realm of everyday concepts of a totally
concrete nature.

The problem here was not envisaged as amounting to the requirement
of clarifying a given concept and of then providing for it a
satisfactory term.  It was rather construed as requiring the search
for a new view point which would permit the established methodology to
yield the forms wanted.  For numerous concepts whose internationality
could not be doubted this was achieved by simply taking into
consideration older levels of the source languages, sometimes going
straight back to Latin. More frequently it was done by examining and
in a way by choosing among the various forms representing a given
international concept in the source languages.  For instance the
concept represented in English by 'safety match' is clearly
international, but its forms in the several source languages are
totally divergent.  Since we are here concerned with the problem of
the elaboration of an internationally valid vocabulary, we might test
the various source-language forms in their international
potentialities.  The Spanish cerillas might be imitated in English as
something like waxlet or in French as cirette, but neither of these
could carry the required meaning even in context.  Testing the other
possibilities in a similar way one is bound to emerge with the
conclusion that the italian fiammifero has a fair degree of
international expressive potency.  In English it would appear as
flame-bearer or simply as lucifer, which is quite excellent.  But the
more' important point is that this term can be built into the already,
established international vocabulary by means of available elements.
The Interlingua word for 'match' is flammifero.

Mi traduction del texto supra es:

"Consequentemente, tote concepto -- si o non illo esseva concipite in
anglese o in un del altere linguas fontal--debeva qualificar se como
international ante que su pretension a representation in le vocabulario
international poterea esser recognoscite.  Isto duceva al extraordinari
observation que le vocabulario international jam collectionate super le
base del internationalitate  del forma esseva adequate in general in
regardo a abstracte, scientific, e generalmente docte terminos.  Le
lacunas pareva nonobstante in le regno de conceptos quotidien de un
natura totalmente concrete.

Le problema aqui non esseva visualizate como equivalente al requirimento
de clarificar un certe concepto e de alora provider pro illo un termino
satisfactori.  In loco, il esseva construite como requirer le cerca pro un
nove puncto de vista que facerea possibile que le methodologia jam
estabilite renderea le formas cercate.  Pro multe conceptos cuje
internationalitate non poterea esser dubite, isto esseva complite per
simplemente prender in consideration nivellos plus antique del linguas
fontal, a vices per retornar al latino.  Plus frequentemente il esseva
facite per examinar - e in un maniera - per selectionar de intra le varie
formas representante un international concepto in question in le linguas
fontal.  Per exemplo, le concepto representate in anglese per 'safety
match' es clarmente international, mais su formas in le plure linguas
fontal es totalmente divergente.  Proque nos es aqui preoccupate con le
problema del elaboration de un vocabulario internationalmente valide,
nos poterea probar le varie formas in le linguas fontal con respecto a lor
potentialitates international.  Le espaniol 'cerillas' poterea esser imitate
in anglese como alque similar a 'waxlet'  [diminuitivo de 'wax'] o in francese
como 'cirette', mais ni le un ni le altere de istos poterea portar le
signification requirite, mesmo in contexto.  Probante le altere possibilitates
in un maniera similar, on es destinate a emerger con le conclusion que le
italiano 'fiammifero' ha un bon grado de potentia expressive, international.
In anglese illo parerea como 'flame-bearer' o simplemente como 'lucifer'
(light bearer), que es multo excellente.  Mais le puncto plus importante
es que iste termino pote esser constructe in le jam constate vocabulario
international per medio de elementos jam disponibile.  Le interlingua
parola pro 'match' es 'flammifero' ." [Interlingua jam possede 'flamma'
e le suffixo '-fero'].

--Gode, Alexander.  THE PROBLEM  OF FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE IN INTERLINGUA.
   Paper presented to the Convention of the Modern Language Association
   of America, Dec. 27, 1954, 2.00 p.m., Hotel Statler, New York City.

Stan Mulaik

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