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Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 16:02:08 -0800
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Subject: [WASAN] FW: PAMBAZUKA NEWS 48 - ALTERNATIVES TO FLIES ON MUGABE'S
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Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 17:14:31 -0600 (CST)
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Subject: PAMBAZUKA NEWS 48 - ALTERNATIVES TO FLIES ON MUGABE'S CORPSE

PAMBAZUKA NEWS 48 * 8233 SUBSCRIBERS
(formerly The Kabissa-Fahamu-Sangonet Newsletter)
A weekly electronic newsletter for social justice in Africa

CONTENTS: 1. Editorial, 2. Conflict, Emergencies, and Crises, 3. Rights and
Democracy, 4. Corruption, 5. Health, 6. Education and Social Welfare, 7.
Women and Gender, 8. Refugees and Forced Migration, 9. Racism and
Xenophobia, 10. Environment, 11. Media, 12. Development, 13. Internet and
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Courses,
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and Arts, 20. Letters and Comments

If you have e-mail access, you can get web resources listed in this
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1.EDITORIAL

ALTERNATIVES TO FLIES ON MUGABE'S CORPSE
Norman Reynolds (Former Chief Economist To The Government Of Zimbabwe)
Southern Africa is rushing pell-mell into the cauldron of Zimbabwe’s
Presidential election.

If the election is held and Mugabe wins, but it is declared to be unfair
and notacceptable by Zimbabweans and the world, there will be chaos in
Zimbabwe.
The chances of this happening are high; Mugabe can only win by cheating and
violence. South Africa may have to intervene militarily.

Not only ZANU, but also the Army, the Police and the Administration are
deeply riven. Ultimately Mugabe has built a worthless edifice by doing
little
more than playing populist politics. He has abused land and race and
conjured
up a host of “enemies” from the global economy to Britain to, fashionably
but
cynically, branding the opposition “terrorists”. The ace in his pack of
cards ishis and his cronies’ rape of the DRC, the land, violence against
internal and
external enemies, and officially controlled resources – their joint
culpability.
It is long since time to call Mugabe’s bluff, to openly avoid him and his
croniesand to stand squarely behind the citizens of Zimbabwe.

The region and the international community must now prepare to help the
MDC establish political, social and economic stability either after the
March
election if there is a normal transfer of power or after a period of chaos
andbloodletting.

South Africa remains the key player. There are still creative measures that
can be taken to both help ensure an acceptable election and to prepare for
thelikely aftermath. During the SADC monitoring visit two weeks ago, Labour
Minister Membathisi Mdladlana reported that the delegation was "amazed" by
the cooperation of the Zimbabwean ministers. He added, “Normally, there is a
flat-footed denial. They are now accepting that the situation is beyond
their
control and that they need help," He said many issues were "raised sharply"
with the Zimbabweans, including reports of state-sponsored violence and land
invasions.

The view reported by Mdladlana no doubt led to the current ANC fraternal
visitto ZANU. The outcome has to show the ANC putting aside ZANU as
paralytic
and destroyed by corruption. The ANC must be seen to treasure the worth of
Zimbabwe as a people and an economy, just as the Constitution would
demand.

The ZANU and the MDC Congresses have just been held. They revealed two
worlds far apart. Zanu’s was a mad, ranting, demagogic and frightening
example of lunatic showmanship. The MDC’s was a serious, participatory,
comradely, democratic meeting espousing human rights, dignity and a
courageous resolve to bravely soldier on so that, maybe, the voters could
vote.The MDC is relying on Mugabe not being able to stop its messages being
spread by word of mouth and by a new external and independent short wave
radio station. The aim is to encourage Zimbabweans to vote in droves if they
can.

Days before the Zanu Congress, the Zimbabwe Army, Police, Intelligence
Organisation, and Air Force brass urged Mugabe to quit and to anoint a
successor to enhance Zanu PF’s chances in the election. Most of these
officers are heavily implicated in corruption, political violence, the
rape of thenatural resources of the Congo, and many have received farms and
other
favours.

They no longer see Mugabe as able to protect them. They know that there is
rampant factionalism tearing ZANU apart. Mugabe had now lost the former
Zanu strongholds of Masvingo, the Midlands and Manicaland together with his
complete lack of support in all the cities. He can only bank on the
Mashonaland vote.

If Zimbabweans can vote, Mugabe will lose. That loss will herald the
politicaloblivion of the corrupt, venial and grasping political elite that
has all but
destroyed a wonderful people and country. This explains that elite’s
desperation to avoid jail by clinging to power at whatever national and
individual cost. Hence the general’s “advice” to Mugabe to go!

Many senior ZANU officials share the sentiment of one quoted in the free
press in Harare, "Campaigning for Mugabe is a futile exercise. People are
tiredof him and it is clear to all of us that the writing is on the wall. It
will be amiracle if we win.”

A senior party member summed up the mood of the ZANU Congress
thus, "It's only an ill-advised fly that follows a corpse to the grave."
ZANU as acoherent political party could fall apart quite suddenly.
Zimbabweans will
recognise that moment and act accordingly.

When the MDC President, Morgan Tsvangirai, reminded Mugabe that the
people might be driven by the collapsing social order and economy to throw
him out, Mugabe had him charged with treason. Now Mugabe, above the law,
is openly inciting violence. Worse, acting as a dictator or fascist,
Mugabe issaying that his followers must go out and use brute force because
victory can
only be achieved by violence.

To underwrite his on-going war against citizens, Mugabe has added three
further threats.

1. The army is being largely recalled from the DRC, up to 10,000 troops,
till
after the election with all leave cancelled. He has already deployed
troops inthe townships and the regional strongholds of the MDC, ostensibly
to “protect
his supporters from terrorism". Defence officials are reported as saying
openlythat, "The president has indicated he needs the entire army for the
forthcoming election.”

2. Zanu has long resolved to bar the opposition from campaigning in the
rural
constituencies. Apart from the army, the “War Veterans”, as they did at the
last general election and since in a long orgy of terror aimed at
villagers, whitefarmers and farm labour, will ensure this by intimidation.
Again, they will
operate beyond the law, be protected by the Police and be guided by the
Central Intelligence Organisation.

Zanu regards its followers as its property, as cattle, not people; “The MDC
must leave our rural supporters alone," stated the Vets Secretary-General,
Mhlanga.

3. Having violated the adults and letting the Vets loose on citizens,
Mugabe isturning to the youth and children as his newest foot soldiers. The
youth
brigades trained under the national service programme are not doing
community work. They have been deployed in different areas where they beat
up civilians.

The infamous Fifth Brigade massacred some 20,000 civilians in Matabeleland
during the 1980s. Now, on a countrywide footing, with all the troops, the
police, the Vets and his new foot soldiers, the youth and children, all
Mugabe’s commissioned thugs, the numbers massacred could multiply to
many times 20,000.

To hide Mugabe’s methods, his desperation, new savage press, security,
defamation and electoral rules are being promulgated. Hundreds of thousands
of voters will be prevented from voting because they come from places that
oppose Mugabe’s terror. Only civil servants will monitor the vote. The
outsideworld will be banished.

A bloody electoral battle is looming. Violence and intimidation already hold
sway across vast swathes of the political landscape.
The ANC and the South African Government have to make a stand. The ANC
must stop being the “ill-advised” fly that fraternally follows Mugabe’s
corpse tothe grave. The South African Government and the international
community
must do the following: -

§ Effectively deal with the food crisis. After eight months of clear food
emergency, the UN has failed to reach agreement with Mugabe that imported
food must not go through government (ZANU) channels where it will be used
for political gain. Some US$54 million of imported foodstuffs (high protein
biscuits etc) is now on its way to feed a present target group of 750,000
women and children. It will be distributed through Church and NGO agencies.
This will not relieve the general food crisis beyond a month or so. The
largerfood problem remains.

§ Because of its strategic location and capacities, South Africa must set
itselfup as Trustee for Zimbabweans. It must oversee the immediate import
and
strategic storage of around US$250 million of maize, wheat and other basic
foodstuffs so that there can be quick import into and distribution within
Zimbabwe.

§ South Africa must set a number of actions that Mugabe must take and
adhere to on a very tight timetable. At each failure, South Africa must
turn offthe lights, fuel or transport for a given period against another
brief
chance tomake good. Gandhi would approve the method.

§ South Africa and Botswana, old Lesotho pals, must undertake serious war
games on Zimbabwe’s borders aimed at forcing division within the Zimbabwe
army and capable of being the launching pad for intervention.

§ South Africa, with international help, must set up “homes from homes”
across the borders to care for Zimbabwean refugees. The refugees must be
supported to re-enter to register and to vote or to stay and do both by
agreement forced upon Mugabe.

§ These “camps” must be staffed by Zimbabwean and South African trainers
to prepare refugees, most well educated, for the likely post-election
economicand social work South Africa and other countries must support to
help
Zimbabwe to quickly sort out security and to establish civil and economic
stability. This could be called, “the Zimbabwean Robben Island”!

§ South Africa and the international community must support a mixed
Zimbabwe and international group to take further the general economic and
social programme support the country will need. This must be done to
advance implementation after a transfer of power, whether democratically or
militarily. The UNDP simply cannot do this type of work. ZANU cannot think
usefully about a normal future and the MDC has to fight an election under
dangerous and trying conditions. Time must not be wasted.

§ The international community must announce and plan for US$300 million to
be issued as ‘Work” and as “Training Rights” during 2002 to be issued to all
adults every six months to inject family economic security, mobilize
communities for joint investment and to secure individual opportunities to
resurrect careers.

§ South Africa and other nations must offer Zimbabweans assistance and
begin to put into place the Commission of Inquiry needed to nail those
responsible for corruption, violence and human rights abuses. This time
Truth
and Reconciliation must be driven by the abused, not the guilty.

§ A fund must be established to support an independent national Land
Commission to listen to all Zimbabweans talk about how they wish to see the
land issue treated. The international community can help select Zimbabwean
and international Commissioners to give it secure independent status. The
MDC, with great maturity, has proposed such an independent body to both
listen to citizens and to report, with recommendations, and to then oversee
land reforms apart from Government.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5113

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2.CONFLICT, EMERGENCIES, AND CRISES

ANGOLA: UN INITIATES CONTACT WITH UNITA
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18359
United Nations Under-Secretary for Africa, Ibrahim Gambari, held talks in
the
United Stated last week with a senior UNITA official in an attempt to get
the
warring parties back to the negotiating table, diplomatic sources have
confirmed to IRIN.

BURUNDI TO WITHDRAW FROM DR CONGO
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1750000/1750429.stm
Burundi will pull its troops out of the Democratic Republic of Congo, its
government has announced. In exchange for that commitment, the authorities
in Kinshasa have pledged to stop supporting Burundian rebels on Congolese
soil.

DRC: JOSEPH KABILA´S FIRST YEAR IN POWER
http://www.rnw.nl/hotspots/html/congo020103.html
This week, the President of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Joseph Kabila,
told his countrymen in his New Year address that 2002 would be a year of
peace and reconciliation.

DRC: PANEL ON ILLEGAL EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES TO CONTINUE
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18483
A reconstituted expert panel set up by the UN Security Council to examine
the illegal exploitation of natural resources and other forms of wealth in
theDemocratic Republic of the Congo, is expected to reassemble in late
January
2002 for an additional six-month period, UN News reported on Friday.

DRC: UN CONFIRMS MLC/RCD-ML CLASHES IN NORTHEAST
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18553
The UN Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo confirmed on
Monday that fighting has taken place between rival armed opposition groups
in
and around Isiro and Buta, in the northeast of the country.

EAST AFRICAN NATIONS UNITE AGAINST TERROR
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1752000/1752463.stm
Ministers from seven East African nations have approved a joint initiative
to
fight terrorism. Meeting in the Sudanese capital, Khartoum, under the
auspices of the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), the
ministers from Sudan, Somalia, Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti
condemned all forms of terrorism and agreed to co-operate closely in the
fightagainst it.

ERITREA AND ETHIOPIA: LESSONS FROM THE PAST, AGENDAS FOR
THE FUTURE
http://www.id21.org/society/S10ajr1g1.html
Eritrea and Ethiopia surprised the world by going to war in May 1998 over
the
position of their common border, ending seven years of peace. A peace
agreement signed in December 2000 brought hopes of a new era of
reconciliation and rehabilitation. What challenges now face the two nations
and their peoples, the region and the international community? Is peace
sustainable?

LIVING ON THE BRINK, AGAIN
http://www.fpif.org/presentations/wmd01/schell.html
The U.S-Russian decisions about their nuclear arsenals are going to set the
pace for the whole show. If we decide that we have to have 2,000 nuclear
weapons in the year 2010, we are guaranteed that other poorer nations will
say, as India has already said, that they don't want to live with nuclear
apartheid. The two-tier world, to use a phrase beloved by the strategist,
is anunstable world. It's got to go one way or the other. Either it's going
to
go tozero nuclear weapons, or it's going to go to a much fuller
proliferation.

NIGERIA: DOZENS REPORTED DEAD IN CLASHES BETWEEN FARMERS,
HERDERS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18545
Dozens of people died and hundreds were displaced in clashes that broke out
a week ago between local farming communities and nomadic Fulani herders in
Mambilla plateau, northeastern Nigeria, police and local officials said.

SOMALIA: ANTI-TERROR BANKING MOVE WORSENS FOOD CRISIS
http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/oneworld/20020102/wl/anti-
terror_banking_move_worsens_somalia_food_crisis_1.html
The "precarious humanitarian situation" in southern Somalia has been
worsened by a United States clampdown on Islamic money-lending
institutions accused of being channels for terrorist funds, an official
with aleading British charity said today.

SOMALIA: UN WARNS OF HUMANITARIAN CRISIS
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1732000/1732076.stm
The United Nations Food Programme has made a renewed appeal for
humanitarian aid for half-a-million people in the south of Somalia who are
suffering from serious food shortages.

SUDAN: NUBA HUMANITARIAN ASSESSMENT UNDER WAY
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18338
The Sudanese government's Humanitarian Aid Commission (HAC), the US
Agency for International Development (USAID) and "national and foreign
organisations" on Wednesday began an assessment of the humanitarian
requirements of the Nuba Mountains region of Southern Kordofan State, south-
central Sudan, the official Sudan News Agency reported.

SUDAN: REBEL LEADERS ANNOUNCE MERGER
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18556
The leaders of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A), John
Garang, and of the Sudan People’s Defence Force (SPDF), Riek Machar, on
Monday announced that the two forces had formally merged under the name
SPLM/SPLA and agreed on collective leadership, on the basis that unity
was "paramount for the success of the liberation struggle".

TANZANIA: NEW OPPORTUNITY FOR ZANZIBAR
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18547
There is renewed optimism for political stability within the islands of
Zanzibar,following the signing last week of an agreement on the
implementation of the
October 2001 reconciliation accord between Tanzania's ruling Chama Cha
Mapinduzi (CCM) party and the opposition Civic United Front (CUF), according
to sources in the capital, Dar es Salaam.

TERRORISM, MILITARY ACTION AND SEPTEMBER 11TH: A GENDER
PERSPECTIVE
http://www.ids.ac.uk/bridge/sept11.html
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11th BRIDGE has become
increasingly aware of the need for gender impact analysis of the
internationalsituation. Despite massive amounts of coverage, this has been
largely ignored
by reporters, experts, analysts and politicians. However, the gender
implications are diverse and far reaching.

UGANDA SEEKS DEPORTATION OF REBEL LEADER FROM SUDAN
http://www.oneworld.org/ips2/jan02/13_45_025.html
When Uganda's President Yoweri Museveni meets with Sudanese leader
Omar al Bashir this week in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum, he is likely
to
seek the deportation of Joseph Kony, leader of a rebel group operating in
northern Uganda with bases in southern Sudan.

ZIMBABWE: ARMY DEALS BLOW TO MUGABE RIVAL
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1749000/1749933.stm
Zimbabwe's military chiefs have declared they will only back leaders who
fought in the country's wars of liberation, dealing a fresh blow to the
oppositionpresidential candidate, Morgan Tsvangirai.

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3.RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: ANNAN CRITICISES NATION'S HUMAN
RIGHTS RECORD
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18549
UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan has criticised the Central African
Republic's
(CAR) human rights record in a new report.

CONGO: ENQUIRY FINDINGS ON BELGIUM'S ROLE IN DEATH OF
LUMUMBA
http://www.dekamer.be/commissions/LMB/indexF.html#DOC_EN
The creation of this investigation committee is a consequence of the debates
held in the Commission for Foreign Relations on 8 December 1999 following
the publication of the book “The Murder of Lumumba” by Ludo De Witte.
Besides reaching conclusions about Belgian responsibilities in the murder of
the first Prime Minister of the Congo, Patrice Lumumba (and his
fellow-victimsOkito and M’polo), it was also the intention to instigate a
debate on
colonisation and decolonisation.

EGYPT: NEW BILL FOR RATIFYING THE ICC STATUTE
The Egyptian Minster of Justice Couns. Farouk Saif Al Nassr announced on
Wednesday, 2 January 2002, that a new bill for Egypt's ratification to the
ICCStatute has been drafted among 14 new laws aiming at reforming the
structure
of the Egyptian legal system. The 14 bills deal with judicial, economic, and
penal issues.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5042

MADAGASCAR PROTESTS GROW
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1751000/1751421.stm
Huge demonstrations in support of Madagascar opposition presidential
candidate Marc Ravalomanana have entered their fourth day.

NIGERIA: HRW CONDEMNS SHARIA EXECUTION
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?
ReportID=18564&SelectRegion=West_Africa
Human Rights Watch (HRW) on Tuesday condemned the execution of a man
on the order of a Sharia court in Nigeria, and urged the Nigerian
authorities notcarry out the death sentences of such courts.

RWANDA: RAPE VICTIM IN TRIBUNAL ORDEAL
If the ICTR archives are ever revisited, the hearing of witness TA will
stand outas a disgraceful moment in the court's history. For two weeks, from
October
24 to November 8, 2001, the woman recounted the multiple rapes of which she
was a victim during the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Her testimony directly
implicates Arsène Shalom Ntahobali and also includes accusations against
his mother, Pauline Nyiramasuhuko, and "the prefect." After one-and-a half
days of questioning by the prosecutor, which amounted to almost 100 pages
of transcripts, she was forced to undergo seven days of cross-examination by
the various defence lawyers in the Butare trial, in which six people stand
accused.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5008

SIERRA LEONE: KOFI ANNAN APPROVES WAR CRIMES COURT
http://c.moreover.com/click/here.pl?e29983076&e=6392
United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan has authorised a war crimes
tribunal to be set up in Sierra Leone despite a big shortfall in funding
pledgesfrom the world body's member-nations.

SUDAN: AMPUTATIONS RESUMED
4 men have recently been sentenced to amputation of the right hand in Sudan.
The punishment of amputation is against the Government of Sudan’s
international obligations, with regard to article 5 of The Universal
Declaration ofHuman Rights and article 7 of The International Covenant on
Civil and
PoliticalRights.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5037

SUDAN: THREE MEN EXECUTED TO DEATH BY HANGING
On 25 December 2001, three men form Northern Darfur were executed with
death by handing after being convicted for robbery under Articles 167 and
168
of the 1991 Penal Code which state that the punishment for armed robbery
(harraba) death and death followed by crucifixion.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5036

ZAMBIA : ROW MARS POWER TRANSFER
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1737000/1737936.stm
Zambian ruling party candidate Levy Mwanawasa has been sworn in as
president amid high controversy after the tightest election since
independencein 1964.

ZAMBIA: NEW PRESIDENT UNVEILS CABINET TEAM, POLICIES
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18533
Zambian President Levy Mwanawasa on Monday announced a new cabinet
and policy reforms that some analysts said would allay concerns of him being
a "puppet" president.

ZIMBABWE'S CONTROVERSIAL BILLS
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1748000/1748979.stm
President Robert Mugabe's government is seeking to push through two
controversial bills on Wednesday in a special session of parliament, ahead
of
the presidential election scheduled for March. A third bill, the Electoral
Amendment Act, was defeated on Tuesday.

ZIMBABWE: GENOCIDE VICTIMS WANT MUGABE PUNISHED
http://c.moreover.com/click/here.pl?e30045992&e=6392
Victims and survivors of the 1980s Matabeleland genocide have renewed their
call for the arrest and prosecution of President Robert Mugabe and his
security and defence ministers for crimes against humanity.

ZIMBABWE: ZANU-PF IN UPSET DEFEAT
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18562
Zimbabwe's ruling party suffered a shock defeat in parliament on Tuesday
when it introduced a controversial electoral amendment bill that critics
allegeis designed to boost President Robert Mugabe's re-election bid in
March.

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4.CORRUPTION

ETHIOPIA: TOP BANK OFFICIALS CHARGED WITH CORRUPTION
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18593
The government's anti-corruption commission has filed charges against 54
current and former officials of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), as
wellas a number of businessmen, according to the private 'Reporter'
newspaper.

KENYA: NAIROBI MAYOR PLAYS RATES CARD
http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,629202,00.html
White Kenyans have been told to pay outstanding rates to Nairobi city
council
or face Zimbabwe-style land seizures. Mayor Dick Waweru accused white
residents of the capital's three affluent suburbs - Karen, Langata and
Muthaiga - of not paying £10m in rates for nearly a decade, despite using
public services.

NIGERIA: BAKASSI LG CHIEF IMPEACHED
http://allafrica.com/stories/200201020601.html
CHAIRMAN of Bakassi local government in Cross Rivers State, Chief
Emmanuel Etene has been impeached.

NIGERIA: FAMILY OF FORMER DICTATOR PAYS BACK STOLEN MILLIONS
http://www.transparency.org/cgi-bin/dcn-read.pl?citID=15819
The family of Nigeria's former military ruler, General Sani Abacha, was
forcedto return to the government $148 million out of billions stolen when
he
was inpower, AFP and Reuters cited the government as saying.

ZAMBIA: OLD FACES IN NEW CABINET
http://globalarchive.ft.com/globalarchive/article.html?
id=020108001125&query=zambia
Levy Mwanawasa, Zambia's new president, unveiled his cabinet and warned
he would not tolerate any form of corruption in his government. In an
effort toput the controversy surrounding his election to rest, Mr Mwanawasa
said he
would deliver on the "new deal" he had promised voters.

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5.HEALTH

AFRICA: 2002 COULD MARK 'TURNING POINT' IN BATTLE AGAINST AIDS
http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_hiv.cfm#8799
Stephen Lewis, the United Nations special envoy for AIDS in Africa, said
that
2002 could be "the turning point" for Africa's fight against the disease if
wealthy nations demonstrate a financial commitment to combatting the virus
in the developing world, the Washington Times reports.

AFRICA: MAKING WOMEN EQUAL IN AIDS PREVENTION
http://www.irinnews.org/AIDSreport.asp?
ReportID=1171&SelectRegion=Africa&S
Women in Africa have been the hardest hit by HIV/AIDS. Twenty years into
the pandemic, very little has been done to empower them to insist on safe
sex.

CONGO-GABON: EBOLA DEATH TOLL NOW 24, WHO REPORTS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18560
The death toll from Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Gabon and the Republic of
Congo was 24 as at 6 January, the World Health Organisation (WHO) reported
on Monday. It said 17 of the deaths were in Gabon, where the Ebola outbreak
was first reported last month.

DATABASE ON HEALTH SERVICES
RESEARCH PROJECTS IN PROGRESS
http://gateway.nlm.nih.gov/gw/Cmd
The Health Services Research Projects in Progress (HSRProj) database
contains more than 6,200 descriptions of ongoing health services research
grants and contracts funded by government agencies, state agencies,
foundations, and private organizations. Researchers, policymakers, managers,
clinicians, and librarians can have access to information about health
servicesresearch before results are available in a published form. Contact:
Virginia VanHorne.
Contact: vanhorne@ahsrhp

EXTRAMED: FREE HEALTH INFORMATION
Informania Ltd, the world's largest electronic publisher of biomedical
journalsfrom the Third World, announced that it would provide the ExtraMED
full-text
database to developing country users for free or at very low cost, under the
same terms as those announced last week by six leading medical publishers.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5068
Contact: [log in to unmask]

KENYA: CAMPAIGN AGAINST CATHOLIC BAN ON CONDOMS
Nairobi is set to see public advertisements on billboards and in newspapers
condemning the Catholic Church's ban on the use of condoms in the fight
against HIV/Aids.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5041

KENYAN RESEARCHERS PROPOSE MODEL FOR INTEGRATED
ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY APPROACH
http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_hiv.cfm#8801
There is currently "no agreement on program infrastructure, a standardized
[HIV treatment] regimen, drug procurement and distribution and no agreed-
upon monitoring levels" in Kenya, making it difficult for a "common strategy
and coordinated approach" against HIV/AIDS to be mounted, Miriam
Taegtmeyer of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and Kenneth Chebet,
director of the AIDS Control Program in Kenya, write in the "Personal View"
column of the January issue of the Lancet Infectious Diseases.

MOBILE BOOKS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH:
Merck, Elsevier Science And ICN Team Up For Better Health
An innovative partnership between the International Council of Nurses (ICN),
the US-based pharmaceutical company, Merck & Co., Inc. and Elsevier
Science (formerly Harcourt) will deliver state-of-the-art medical
information tothousands of nurses in remote clinics and health centres in
developing
countries. The nursing Mobile Library, housed in a transportable trunk
resilientto moisture, insects and hard knocks, was officially launched in
London,
where the first 23 units will ship from the Elsevier Science warehouse.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5022
Contact: [log in to unmask]

SOUTH AFRICA'S FAILURE WITH AIDS
http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/opinion/chi-0112310205dec31.story?
coll=chi%2Dnewsopinion%2Dhed
Denial is always dangerous. But in South Africa, it has proven deadly. Some
4.7 million people there are HIV-positive. That is the highest number
living withthe prospect of AIDS, or with the disease itself, of any nation
in a world
where40 million people are infected.

SOUTH AFRICA: MBEKI URGES HALT OF WAVE OF BABY RAPES
http://www.reutershealth.com/archive/2001/12/28/eline/links/20011228elin021.
h
tml
President Thabo Mbeki used his New Year's message to call on South
Africans to stop a wave of rapes of babies and children.

SOUTH AFRICA: STUDY ON COMMUNITY ORIENTATION TO HIV/AIDS
PREVENTION, CARE & SUPPORT
http://www.comminit.com/pds11-2001/sld-3358.html
The Bambisanani Project involves development and implementation of home-
based care systems in an area of the Eastern Cape strongly affected by high
levels of migrancy-related HIV/AIDS prevalence. The study was conducted in
primary (ave. age 13) and high schools (ave. age 18), with the addition of a
household survey (ave. age 40) in each of 3 areas. It reports on community
responses in terms of a wide range of indicators, and outlines the
problems ofdeveloping an integrated response to HIV/AIDS in deep rural
areas.
Recommendations for project implementation, and for monitoring and
evaluation are presented in the report.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

ZAMBIA: NEW PRESIDENT SAYS AIDS "NATIONAL DISASTER"
http://www.reutershealth.com/archive/2002/01/03/eline/links/20020103elin019.
h
tml
Zambia's new president, Levy Mwanawasa, has vowed to fight the AIDS
epidemic gripping his country, declaring it a national disaster and
promising tolook at securing cheaper drugs to help treat the disease.

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6.EDUCATION AND SOCIAL WELFARE

CHILD SEXPLOITATION IS 'A FORM OF TERRORISM'
http://www.earthtimes.org/dec/unnotebookchilddec20_01.htm
Mention the word terrorism and, no matter what the context, people will
sit upand take notice. In the Japanese city Yokohama Carol Bellamy, the
executive
head of Unicef, declared that employing children as sex workers (a term that
seems to have displaced prostitution for the world's oldest profession)
is "nothing less than a form of terrorism."

GHANA: KUFUOR HINTS AT EDUCATIONAL REFORMS
http://allafrica.com/stories/200112210473.html
PRESIDENT J. A. Kufuor has given hints of a possible overhaul of the
education system to meet the developmental needs of the country. He has
announced his government's determination to bridge the huge gap between
well-endowed schools and the less-endowed ones by the end of his term of
office as part of measures to correct the existing defects.

KNOWLEDGE GAP -
What Do Ugandan Schoolchildren Know About Condoms?
http://www.id21.org/education/h5jw3g2.html
Awareness, acceptance and use of condoms are increasing in Uganda thanks
to an open government policy, widespread public awareness campaigns and
aggressive social marketing. But it is still difficult for young people to
learnabout condoms. How can HIV prevention programmes overcome these
barriers?

RIGHTONLINE:
Space For Children To Learn About Their Rights
http://www.savethechildren.org.uk/rightonline/index.html
Save the Children has launched a new web site for young people. Packed with
information and resources, Rightonline aims to inspire young people to learn
about and actively promote children's rights, locally and globally.

WEST AFRICA: CHILD TRAFFICKING CONFERENCE OPENS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18563
A three-day international conference on child trafficking in West Africa,
and
strategies to dismantle networks that supply children for labour and other
forms of exploitation opened on Tuesday in Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire.

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7.WOMEN AND GENDER

AFRICA REPORT ON VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
The draft of the report prepared for the African Commission on Human and
Peoples' Rights by its Special Rapporteur on Women has just been received
in Nairobi. The report reviews what is meant by violence against women in
the
context of international campaigns (using the example of female genital
mutilation), national laws and the African Charter. It also examines the
situation in three West African countries: Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire and Sierra
Leone, in terms of domestic violence, state-sponsored violence and conflict-
related violence with particular reference to refugee women. The draft
text willbe reviewed by an Expert Meeting in Maputo in March 2002 and the
final
version will be presented to the African Commission at its 31st Session,
to beheld in Pretoria on 2-16 May, 2002.
For more information, contact Nyaradzai Gumbonzvanda, Regional
Programme Director, UNIFEM Nairobi Office.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

AFRICAN CHARTER ON HUMAN RIGHTS ON THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN
Draft Protocol
The draft protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on
the
Rights of Women in Africa as adopted by the Meeting of Government Experts
in Addis Ababa on 16 November 2001.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5010

AFRICAN CHARTER: ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL ON WOMEN’S RIGHTS
The Organization for African Unity Expert Meeting held in Addis Ababa,
(12-16
November) to consider the Additional Protocol on women's rights to the
African Charter on Human and People’s Rights concluded its deliberations by
adopting an Article providing for the rights of women and their protection
around issues of violence. There was an impasse on some elements related to
the elimination or continued legal recognition of polygamous marriages.
UNIFEM and its partners contributed to the strengthening of the language on
reproductive rights specifically related to HIV/AIDS, widows rights and
inheritance rights as well as rights to peace, which compliments the UN
Security Council Resolution 1325. For more information, contact Nyaradzai
Gumbonzvanda, Regional Programme Director for East, Central and Horn of
Africa.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

KENYA/UGANDA: LAUNCH OF SIXTEEN DAYS OF ACTIVISM
In Kenya and Uganda, UNIFEM supported the Coalition for Violence against
Women of Kenya and Raising Voice of Uganda to publish a book based on a
collection of newspaper coverage on the subject from 1998 to date. This book
will be used as an advocacy and lobby tool for action on violence against
women in two selected districts. A tribunal has also been organized to hear
women victims of violence. For more information, contact Mary Mbeo.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

NEOLIBERALISM THROUGH THE EYES OF WOMEN
There is no place on Earth where neo-liberalism has not poisoned. It has
allowed a handful of private interests to control as much as possible of
sociallife in order to maximize personal profit. It has poisonous effects
especially inthe Third World, where imperial powers continue to pirate
natural and human
resources to fill the pockets of transnational capitalists. as women
fighting
against global capitalism and its new phase, as women yearning for a better
world where we will not be exploited and abused, we must go a step further
into looking into this 'neo-liberalism' through the experiences of women.
And itis not just about how women linearly experience it - we must go into
the
depths to manifest how neo-liberalism operates in a very gender-biased way.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5005

RAISING GENDER SENSITIVITY:
Ethical Trade In African Horticulture
http://www.id21.org/society/S6bsb1g1.html
African producers exporting fresh fruit, vegetables and flowers to UK
supermarkets now have to meet codes of conduct covering their conditions of
employment. Much of the workforce is female seasonal labour, with men
predominantly occupying permanent and more secure work. Employment
conditions are often far worse for women. The gender-sensitivity of many
company codes is weak with little stakeholder participation at a local
level.
Unless gender issues are addressed, ethical trade may not improve the
employment conditions of the majority workforce.

WOMEN KEY TO EFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT
World Bank Issues New Press Backgrounder
Unfolding events in Afghanistan have brought worldwide attention to the
severetreatment of women under the Taliban. As the Afghan people prepare to
rebuild their country, and as they explore ways to include women in this
process, World Bank experts say that countries which promote women's
rights and increase their access to resources and schooling enjoy lower
poverty rates, faster economic growth and less corruption than countries
that
do not.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=4997

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8.REFUGEES AND FORCED MIGRATION

FRENCH GOVERNMENT REVIEW FINDS LAW UNABLE TO COPE WITH
SLAVERY
http://www.antislavery.org/homepage/news/frenchlawslavery030102.htm
A French parliamentary commission on modern slavery has found the
country's law and procedures inadequate to deal with human trafficking and
other forms of slavery in France.

KENYA STUDIES ON DISPLACED WOMEN
UNIFEM's Nairobi-based African Women in Crisis Programme has
commissioned two short studies of groups of women living in the margins of
society to ensure that the issues they represent are restored to the
development agenda. The first study will examine the impact of a large
refugeecamp (65,000 inhabitants) on a local population of agro-pastoralists
whose
fragile economy is teetering on the edge of extinction after several years
of
drought. Young girls and older women from the Turkana community in
Northern Kenya are drawn to the opportunities afforded by Kakuma camp,
which offers access to medical and educational facilities, but also forced
marriages and work in camp brothels. The second study revisits the situation
of internally displaced women in Kenya's Rift Valley and Laikipia Plateau,
many of whom remain displaced since the so-called "land clashes" which
preceded the 1992 elections and others as a result of subsequent ethnic
conflicts. For more information, contact Nyaradzai Gumbonzvanda, Regional
Programme Director for East, Central and Horn of Africa.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

LIBERIA: AMNESTY CALLS FOR PROTECTION OF IDPS
Amnesty International (AI)called on the UN Security Council to take a lead
role in urging the international community to provide adequate protection
and
assistance to internally displaced people (IDPs) in Liberia.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=4998

TANZANIA: NEW AGREEMENT PROMISES TO ASSIST ICRC OPERATIONS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18357
A recent legal agreement between the Tanzanian government and the
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) marks the formalisation of a
good bilateral relationship and should help ease the work of the Red Cross
movement, especially in the refugee camps in western Tanzania, an ICRC
spokesman, Florian Westphal, told IRIN on Thursday.

UGANDA: PROSPECTS IMPROVE FOR KIKAGATI RETURNEES
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18334
The Ugandan government is planning for a February start on the resettlement
of a group of Ugandan returnees from Tanzania, currently camped in Kikagati
in the southwest, where some of them have been camped under deplorable
conditions for over a year, a senior official told IRIN on Thursday.

WEST AFRICA: LEADERS TARGET TRAFFICKING IN HUMANS
Leaders of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
decided at their 25th summit in Dakar, Senegal, to set up special police
unitsto combat trafficking in humans beings usually children and women -,
the UN
News service reported. They also decided that special training would be
provided for police, customs and immigration officials, prosecutors and
judges.Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5004

WEST AFRICA: UNHCR TO CLOSE OFFICES
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1731000/1731363.stm
The United Nations refugee agency, UNHCR, is to close its offices in seven
West African countries because of a shortage of funds.

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9.RACISM AND XENOPHOBIA

AFRICA: WORLD RACISM CONFERENCE DECLARATION
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson
announced on Thursday the publication of the Declaration and Programme of
Action of the World Conference against Racism, which clears the way for the
implementation of measures adopted in Durban, South Africa, last autumn.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5038

NIGERIA: IRIN FOCUS ON ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS IN 2001
Nigeria continued last year to reap a grim harvest of ethnic and religious
violence, as it had in 2000, which began with clashes that claimed over
2,000
lives in the northern city of Kaduna, and ended with fighting in Lagos in
whichhundreds died.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5013

RWANDA: GOVERNMENT PUTS GENOCIDE VICTIMS AT 1.07 MILLION
In a recently released preliminary report, Rwanda's Ministry of Local
Government and Social Affairs says that 1,074,017 people were killed in
massacres and genocide between 1 October 1991 and 31 December 1994,
Radio Rwanda reported on Monday.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5066

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10.ENVIRONMENT

ANTARCTIC EXPERTS WARN OF GLOBAL WARMING MELTDOWN
http://enn.com/news/wire-stories/2001/12/12312001/reu_global_45991.asp
There is a one in 20 chance of a dramatic rise in world sea levels over
the nextcentury due to global warming, according to a new risk assessment.
The
survey -- by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and Norwegian environmental
safety organisation, Det Norske Veritas -- said there was a five percent
chance of the giant West Antarctic Ice Sheet disintegrating due to climate
change and raising sea levels by one metre (yard) in the next 100 years.

ART ON THE ROCKS, SOUTH AFRICAN STYLE
http://enn.com/news/wire-stories/2001/12/12282001/reu_45989.asp
For thousands of years it was a place of spiritual upliftment where shamans
entered trances and etched their visions in stone. Today, the newly opened
Wildebeest Kuil Rock Art Site is being used to boost the economy of an
uprooted community in South Africa's impoverished Northern Cape province.
Located about 10 miles from the diamond-mining town of Kimberley, it is one
of the few rock art sites to be opened to the public in South Africa, which
boasts some of the finest stone engravings and paintings in the world.

BIODIVERSITY MAY NEED MILLIONS OF YEARS TO RECOVER
http://ens.lycos.com/ens/jan2002/2002L-01-03-07.html
The worldwide decimation of wildlife by humans could be "permanent on multi-
million year timescales," warns James Kirchner of the University of
Californiaat Berkeley. Kirchner's analysis of long term trends in the fossil
record
suggests that natural speed limits constrain how quickly biodiversity can
rebound after waves of extinction.

BUILDING CONSENSUS KEY TO GLOBAL PROTECTION IN 2002
http://ens-news.com/ens/jan2002/2002L-01-02-01.html
The top United Nations environmental official is calling for a speedy
ratificationof the Kyoto climate protocol before September.

CAN FOOD-BASED STRATEGIES HELP REDUCE VITAMIN A AND IRON
DEFICIENCIES?
http://www.ifpri.org/pubs/fpreview/fpreview05.htm
Throughout the developing world, poor people subsist on diets consisting of
staple foods such as rice or maize and little else.The lack of diversity
in thefoods they eat often leads to micronutrient deficiencies. Almost
one-third of
the children in developing countries are affected to some degree by vitamin
A
and iron deficiencies. Food-based approaches are an essential part of the
long-term global strategy to alleviate micronutrient deficiencies, but their
real
potential has not been explored adequately. This report reviews a number of
recently published studies of food-based interventions to reduce vitamin A
andiron deficiencies in developing countries. It summarizes the current
state of
knowledge and identifies the lessons learned and the enormous gaps in
knowledge that remain.

CLIMATE CHANGE AFTER MARRAKESH:
Should Environmentalists Still Support The Kyoto Protocol?
http://www.fpif.org/papers/marrakesh.html
At COP7 in Marrakesh, the Kyoto Protocol was weakened even further--it is,
now, the Marrakesh Dilution of the Bonn Compromise to the Kyoto Protocol.
Nevertheless, and despite the often-dispiriting nature of Kyoto's
loopholes, webelieve that the essential situation remains unchanged.
Particularly in
today'sgrim international context, the ratification of even this weakened
first-
generation climate treaty must be counted as a major victory for democratic,
multilateral environmental governance. And this remains true despite 9-11,
despite the arrival of the U.S.-led "anti-terror coalition," and despite
the newlyuncertain fate of the Bonn coalition.

DO NEW APPROACHES TO FOREST GOVERNANCE HELP THE POOR?
Tracking Science-policy Processes
http://www.id21.org/society/S2bml1g1.html
Policy debates around forests and livelihoods, biodiversity, sustainable
timberproduction and watershed protection now emphasise social inclusion and
participation. Yet comparative research in West Africa and the Caribbean
demonstrates how current configurations of science and policy continue to
exclude the knowledge and experiences of land users - especially the
poorest - remaining antithetical to their interests, and compromising
broader policy
effectiveness.

NATURAL DISASTERS KILL 25,000 WORLDWIDE IN 2001
http://enn.com/news/wire-stories/2001/12/12312001/reu_disasters_45993.asp
Natural disasters caused at least 25,000 deaths worldwide in 2001, more than
double the previous year, the world's largest reinsurer said on Friday.
Puttingtotal economic losses at $36 billion, Munich Re said catastrophes
related to
extreme weather were a result of continued global climate change.

SOUTHERN AFRICA: HIGH RAINFALL INCREASES FLOOD CONCERNS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18558
Floods could hit parts of southern Africa again this year as experts predict
above normal rainfall in many areas until at least the end of February.

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11.MEDIA

CONFRONTING CULTURAL RIGHTS
http://www.wacc.org.uk/publications/media_dev/md2001-4/hamelink.html
Languages are today being killed at a much faster rate than ever before in
human history and linguistic diversity disappears more rapidly than
biologicaldiversity. Yet, linguistic diversity is as necessary for the
sustainability of ourplanet as is biological diversity. There is an
interesting correlation:
the areas inthe world with the highest biodiversity also have more
linguistic density and
the loss of language also implies the loss of environmental knowledge.

FIGHTING CHANCE: COVERING CONFLICT IN ANGOLA AND RWANDA
http://www.mediachannel.org/atissue/africanmedia/
The genocide in the central African state of Rwanda where an estimated one
million lives were wiped out in a bloodbath that lasted just three months
is stillfresh in many minds. Two million refugees fled to neighbouring
states.
Journalists often find that they have to pay a high price for covering these
events: they become vulnerable to attacks, imprisonment, torture, censorship
by political and military leadership, and sometimes even execution.

JOURNALISTS FACE MOUNTING THREATS WORLDWIDE, SAYS REPORT
http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/oneworld/20020103/wl/journalists_face_mounting
_threats_worldwide_says_report_1.html
The year 2001 turned out to be a dismal and even deadly year for the freedom
of journalists in many countries to pursue their work unhindered by
threats orcensorship, according to the latest annual report from the
Paris-based
watchdog Reporters Without Borders (RSF).

MEDIA CHALLENGES IN AFRICA
Why We Need MediaChannel: Africa
http://www.mediachannel.org/atissue/africanmedia/
In partnership with MediaChannel affiliates engaged with media issues in the
region, we are proud to announce MediaChannel: Africa. This project will
launch in early 2002 to provide media-makers with opportunities for
collaboration, information sharing, global exposure and local and
internationalsupport. It will be a vital resource for analyzing the impact
of the media on
Africa's institutions and communities. We welcome your participation in this
new project. Please join our discussions in the Forum.

SOUTHERN AFRICA: 2001 DIFFICULT YEAR FOR MEDIA
The southern African media was among the most challenged of any African
media last year by heavy-handed governments, regional analysts and senior
journalists told IRIN.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=4996

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12.DEVELOPMENT

A SHAKE UP FOR AFRICAN BANKS:
The Effect Of Liberalisation
http://www.id21.org/society/S7bvm1g1.html
The move to liberalise African banking is gaining momentum. Do African
banks have reasons to fear the consequences of liberalisation or does it
give
them opportunities to restructure and compete with international banks in
African-wide or regional markets?

BOTSWANA: REDUCED DIAMOND SALES HITS ECONOMIC PROSPECTS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18356
The Botswana government's prudent management of the diamond-dependent
economy will be challenged by the global economic slowdown, a growing
HIV/AIDS burden, and the regional impact of the Zimbabwe crisis, the
Economic Intelligence Unit (EIU) said in its latest forecast.

EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA: STATUS OF AGRICULTURAL
ECONOMICS
http://www.ifpri.org/2020/nw/statusafrica.htm
This document discusses the consequences for regional development of the
widening demand and supply of agricultural economists and proposes
solutions to the problem. Prepared by Marios Obwona and David Norman for
the 2020 Vision Network for East Africa, in collaboration with The East and
Central Africa Program for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA) and The
African Economic Research Consortium (AERC), with support from The
Rockefeller Foundation (Nairobi). November 2001.

ETHIOPIA: OAU CHIEF SAYS WORLD HAS FAILED AFRICA
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18331
The head of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) has accused the
international community of failing the continent. Amara Essy said the
refusal
to alleviate Africa's huge debt burden "continues to compromise" its
development.

FROM DOHA TO JOHANNESBURG:
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
The World Trade Organization's new mandate raises a key question for next
year's UN World Summit on Sustainable Development: Who will decide our
common future?
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5007

LEARNING FROM DOHA
How should we characterize the outcome of the World Trade Organization
ministerial in Doha? I am not sure if a debate on whether or not a new
round oftrade negotiations was launched in Doha will lead us very far. But
something
very threatening occurred in Doha and that is what we must urgently convey
to
the world, which at the moment is very confused as to what its outcomes
really were.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5006

MAURITIUS: REFLECTING WOMEN'S EQUALITY IN ECONOMIC POLICY
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=18336
Mauritius is aiming to ensure that women's equality is reflected in the
nationalbudget and economic policies, a UNDP press release announced on
Wednesday.

NIGERIA: IRIN FOCUS ON THE SIMMERING CONFLICT IN THE NIGER
DELTA
In the past decade the situation in Nigeria’s oil belt - the Niger Delta,
has beencharacterised by restiveness among the local communities. The over
seven
million people in the region -source of most of the oil that is the
lifeblood ofNigeria's economy - feel cheated of the wealth pumped from their
soil.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5014

POPULATION TRENDS:
The Gap Continues To Widen
Rapid population growth in developing countries, declining population in
developed countries. These are the two trends which will determine the
development of the world population in the coming century. These are the
facts which have emerged from the current demographic report "World
Population Dynamics 2002," which is published by The Berlin Institute for
World Population and Global Development.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5009
Contact: [log in to unmask]

SCRAPPING CAPITAL CONTROLS: PRO OR ANTI POOR?
http://www.id21.org/society/S7aac1g2.html
Capital account liberalisation (CAL) or the removal of restrictions on the
movement of capital across national boundaries, it is claimed, promotes
growth and thereby helps the poor. But have the free-marketeers gathered
credible evidence? Is scrapping capital controls in the interest of poorer
countries and of poor people in those countries?

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13.INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY

DIRECTORY OF USEFUL LINUX WEB SITES
http://www.linuxselfhelp.com
This online resource may help you locate the information you need about the
free operating system, Linux. It's a Yahoo! style directory of applications,
installation & configuration, hardware & peripherals, networking, system
administration, etc.

PAPERS ON ROLE OF IT IN DEVELOPMENT
Some papers on the web site of the Institute of Information Scientists
(IIS)/
Information for Development Forum (IDF) Joint Seminar, entitled "Impact
Evaluation of Services and Projects" and held at London Voluntary Sector
Resource Centre on 6 June 2001, are available online.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5067

SENEGAL: THE JOKO CLUBS
Senegalese witnessed in August the launch of an original concept in Internet
and multimedia popularization, the Joko Clubs. The project is the
brainchild offamous singer and composer Youssou N'Dour who surrounded
himself with a
very capable team to pull this technological and social experiment feat.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5063

STAYING "IN-THE-MOMENT" IN ASYNCHRONOUS ONLINE INTERACTION
http://www.fullcirc.com/community/inthemoment.htm
Online interaction can be tough. For some of us it is challenging to
engage insustained, thoughtful interchanges in asynchronous (different time)
online
interactions. Between the lag time from response to response and the flat
textual environment, the spark can fade. Some of us get lost wading through
pages of text. Others read and then go offline to reflect, only to come back
and feel it is "too late" to add a comment.

THE FBI'S OL’ BLACK MAGIC
http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemId=12593
In mid-December, the FBI made a startling announcement that received scant
attention. A spokesman for the bureau acknowledged it was developing a
controversial Internet spying software -- codenamed Magic Lantern -- that
supposedly can surreptitiously enter an individual's personal computer,
recordevery keystroke, and zap all this data back to the G-men and G-women.

THE RISE AND RISE OF CYBER-CAFES - WHO WILL MAKE IT THROUGH
2002?
Balancing Act News Update 91
http://www.balancingact-africa.com
A consistent theme in many articles in 2001 was the amazing growth of cyber-
cafes in the main cities of African countries. Below we have two special
reports - one from Ghana, the other from Kenya - that provide a more
detailed
look at this phenomenon. The success (or otherwise) of African cyber-cafes
provides an interesting prism through which to look at how quickly the use
of e-mail and internet might grow in Africa and where the key constraints
lie.
Botharticles identify a common problem: the over-supply of cyber-cafes.
Russell
Southwood asks which cyber-cafes willsurvive in 2002 and why?
Contact: [log in to unmask]

WHO USES INTERNET IN KENYA? - CONSUMER INSIGHT SURVEY
PROVIDES ANSWERS
According to the East African Standard,a special software, Consumer Insight
has started monitoring Internet usage in Kenya just like any other media
outlet. The results, says Consumer Insight's managing director, Ndirangu wa
Maina, now give a "complete picture of the demographic characteristics of
Kenyans using the Internet and the web sites they visit."
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5073

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14.eNEWSLETTERS AND MAILING LISTS

CONTENT CRITICAL FORUM JANUARY 2002
Right Content - Right Person - Right Time - Right Cost
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5116
Contact: [log in to unmask]

E-CIVICUS - CONNECTING CIVIL SOCIETY WORLDWIDE - NUMBER 146
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5059
Contact: [log in to unmask]

ONEWORLD WEEKLY JOBS LIST
The latest jobs from OneWorld Jobs - the place on the internet for jobs in
sustainable development, environment and human rights.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5117

SOUTHERN AFRICAN MIGRATION NEWS NOVEMBER 2001
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5126
Contact: [log in to unmask]

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15.FUNDRAISING

BRITISH RED CROSS LAUNCHES DISASTER RELIEF FUND
The British Red Cross has launched a new fund that will raise money for
victims of disasters year round and allow the relief agency to respond to
disasters worldwide with increased speed and efficiency.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5057

CALL FOR PROPOSALS: ICT INFRASTRUCTURE AND E-READINESS
ASSESSMENTS
Deadline: January 31, 2002
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5115

DEVELOPMENT GATEWAY FOUNDATION RAISES USD 47 MILLION TO
BRIDGE THE DIGITAL DIVIDE
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5061

FOUNDATION CENTRE RELEASES NEW GRANTS INDEX ON CDROM
Descriptions of approximately 100,000 grants from over 1,000 of the largest
independent, corporate, and community foundations provide an excellent
indication of their future funding priorities.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5058

UN FUNDING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PROJECTS IN AFRICA
Small Grants For Community Rights Initiatives In 20 Countries
Community human rights initiatives in over 20 countries, nine of them in
sub-
Saharan Africa, are to receive small grants of up to US $5,000 from the
UnitedNations, the UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the Office of the UN
High Commissioner for Human Rights, UNDP announced on Monday. UNDP
said the project, which began in 1998, supports activities that can have a
significant local impact.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5049

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16.COURSES, SEMINARS, AND WORKSHOPS

AFRICANS WITHOUT BORDERS: DEVELOPMENT FROM A DISTANCE?
Spring 2002 Course Announcement
Following the successful pilot during 2001 of the AFFORD/Birkbeck College
course, "Africans without borders: Development from a distance?" we are
pleased to inform you that we are now proceeding with a longer, accredited
course running each Monday evening (6pm to 8.30pm) between 4 February
and 25 March 2002 in Russell Square, central London. We hope that this new
course will be of interest both to previous and new participants.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5047
Contact: [log in to unmask]

CARNEGIE CARNEGIE COUNCIL FELLOWSHIP - JANUARY 15 DEADLINE
FAST APPROACHING!
http://www.cceia.org/programs/fellows.html
The Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs will sponsor up to
eight non-residential Fellows for the program year June 2002 - June 2003.
Among the topics and areas eligible are: Human Rights; Environment;
Conflict; Justice and the World Economy; and History and the Politics of
Reconciliation.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

MANAGING NGO RESOURCE CENTRES
Canada: Coady International Institute - May 13 - June 07, 2002
The Certificate in Managing NGO Resource Centres will provide participants
with the opportunity to gain or improve skills in managing information, as
wellas to analyse the dynamics of indigenous knowledge, appropriate media,
information sharing and networking. During the program participants will
develop an action plan for their resource centre's contribution to the
community-based development, information and education strategies of their
organization.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5056
Contact: [log in to unmask]

UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM DEVELOPMENT STUDIES PROGRAMME
Courses In Development Policy, Planning And Management
Intensive 11-weeks, 250 teaching hours, Next Course: 20 April 2002
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5054
Contact: [log in to unmask]

WASHINGTON DC: AMERICAN UNIVERSITY PEACEBUILDING &
DEVELOPMENT SUMMER INSTITUTE 2002
July 1, 2002-July 19, 2002
The Peacebuilding and Development Summer Institute, offered through the
School of International Service at American University in Washington, DC,
is aunique training program designed to give foreign aid workers, government
officials, and conflict resolution practitioners practical skills to
complementtheir daily work in war zone areas. Experienced trainers will
guide
participantsthrough three week-long sessions which explore the relationship
of religion,
culture and gender in peacebuilding and development work.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5051
Contact: [log in to unmask]

WASHINGTON DC: STARR FOUNDATION OFFERS GEORGE
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY FELLOWSHIPS
Applications Due January 15, 2002
GW Elliott School of International Affairs will award three fellowships to
mid-career professionals from AFRICA, Eastern Europe, Russia, the former
Soviet
Republics, South Asia and Latin America to pursue the Master of
International
Policy and Practice program during the 2002-2003 academic year.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5050

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17.ADVOCACY RESOURCES

BURUNDI CAMPAIGN AGAINST 'GUARDIANS OF THE PEACE'
http://www.hrw.org/press/2001/12/Burundi1214.htm
The transitional government of Burundi, installed November 1, inherited an
eight-year-old civil war and an expanding and abusive "self-defense" program
purportedly meant to protect civilians against rebel attack. The program
includes the rural-based paramilitary "Guardians of the Peace" which have
committed many killings, rapes, and other crimes over the last four years.
HRW's report, "To Protect the People: The Government sponsored 'self-
defense' program in Burundi," documents cases of forced conscription, the
use of child soldiers, and atrocities committed by the "Guardians of the
Peace." The report calls on the government of Burundi, to disband the
paramilitary force. Prior to the release of the report, authors Alison
DesForgesand Tony Tate presented advance copies to the Burundian Minister of
Defense, and officials at the Belgian and US embassies, the US AID
administrator in Burundi and the local UN representative. Alison also
discussed the reports findings and recommendations with diplomats and
officials in Brussels, New York, and Washington, and conducted radio
interviews with the BBC, RFI, and VOA and with the two major private radio
stations in Bujumbura which were broadcast repeatedly. The report was also
covered by the New York Times. President Buyoya's remark that Human
Rights Watch had a right to its opinion but would not dictate policy to his
government was reported both locally and in the European press.

WOMEN'S ACTION AGENDA FOR A HEALTHY AND PEACEFUL PLANET
2015
Preliminary Draft
http://www.wedo.org/index2.htm
Preparations for the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), to
be held in Johannesburg in September 2002, are underway across the world.
The Summit marks the tenth anniversary of the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio in 1992. Women played
an historic role at UNCED and successfully shaped the final document,
Agenda 21, gaining 172 references to women (up from 2 references in the
first
draft), a strong chapter on women and the recognition of women as one of the
major groups. In an effort to strengthen women's influence in the WSSD
process and outcome, WEDO and REDEH (Network for Human Development),
a key organizer of Planeta FEMEA at UNCED, are facilitating the preparation
of Women's Action Agenda for a Healthy and Peaceful Planet 2015. A second
draft will be produced and circulated for review by March 1, 2002. The final
version of WAA2002 will be ready for endorsement by the end of April (at
PrepCom IV in Indonesia) and serve as an advocacy tool leading up to the
WSSD.

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18.JOBS

BENIN: REGIONAL COORDINATOR FOR WEST-AFRICA (PROTOS)
Closing Date 15 January 2002
http://jobs.oneworld.net/ads/index.cfm?job_id=832

CAMEROON: BIRFDLIFE INTERNATIONAL SEEKS CHIEF TECHNICAL
OFFICER
15 Months Starting In March/April 2002
The GASHAKA GUMTI TCHABAL MBABO PROJECT, funded by GEF-UNDP
aims, through a partnership of local communities, government agencies and
NGOs to address the root causes of biodiversity loss in the ecosystems of
Gashaka Gumti (Nigeria) and Tchabal Mbabo (Cameroon).
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5048
Contact: [log in to unmask]

COTE D'IVOIRE: TRAINER IN IEC AND ADVOCACY, THE CENTER FOR
INTERVENTION AND SUPPORT TO COMMUNICATION (CISCOM)
Closing Date 15 Jan 2002
http://jobs.oneworld.net/ads/index.cfm?job_id=833

MALAWI: ETC CRYSTAL SEEKS TECHNICAL ADVISOR DISTRICT HEALTH
SYSTEMS AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
Closing Date 31 January 2002
http://jobs.oneworld.net/ads/index.cfm?job_id=848

NEW YORK: SHARED INTEREST! SEEKS DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT
Shared Interest is a New York City-based social investment fund that builds
support in the U.S. for South Africa's equitable development.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5060
Contact: [log in to unmask]

PEACERIGHTS EMPLOYMENT AND INTERNSHIPS
Are you a student interested in international humanitarian issues? If so
wouldyou be interested in some paid employment or an internship?
Peacerights, a new NGO, established in September 2001 is looking for
students to help with its work. Peacerights is concerned with international
humanitarian issues of law in the UK and around the world.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5052
Contact: [log in to unmask]

SOUTH AFRICA: HIV/AIDS FIELDWORKER (KWAZULU-NATAL)VACANCY
FOR HIV/AIDS FIELDWORKER AT THE CATHOLIC INSITUTE OF
EDUCATION
The Catholic Institute of Education is looking for a fieldworker for
KwaZulu-
Natal who will be responsible for implementing, monitoring and evaluating
the
CIE's HIV/AIDS prevention programme in Catholic primary schools.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5069
Contact: [log in to unmask]

SOUTH AFRICA: PROGRAMME OFFICER, GENDER AND MEDIA -
GENDER LINKS
Gender Links, a Johannesburg-based NGO specialising in gender and the
media in Southern Africa, is seeking a suitably qualified programme
officer foran initial one year contract.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5070
Contact: [log in to unmask]

THE ADVOCACY PROJECT SEEKS ASSISTANT COORDINATOR
Closing Date 15 Jan 2002
http://jobs.oneworld.net/ads/index.cfm?job_id=856

UNITED KINGDOM: PENAL REFORM INTERNATIONAL SEEKS NIGERIA
PROGRAMME CO-ORDINATOR
Closing Date 1 Feb 2002
http://jobs.oneworld.net/ads/index.cfm?job_id=860

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19.BOOKS AND ARTS

BLOOD AND OIL: TESTIMONIES OF VIOLENCE FROM WOMEN OF THE
NIGER DELTA
ISBN 1-902296-12-5
http://www.ndwj.kabissa.org
The discovery of oil in Nigeria’s Niger Delta in 1956 triggered a chain of
eventsthat has led to the political and economic marginalisation of the
inhabitants.Despite 40 years of oil production and hundreds of billions of
dollars of oil
revenue, the people of the Niger Delta remain in abject poverty without even
the most basic amenities such as water and electricity. Rivers, farmland and
fishing creeks have been subjected to devastation, due to the activities
of theWestern oil companies operating in the Niger Delta, whilst the people
themselves have been on the receiving end of repression and brutality by
successive Nigerian governments. Blood and Oil gives voice and agency to the
women of the region. We hear them speak of their fears and sufferings and
pains. We hear them speak of rape and defilement and death. They speak of
loss of property and limbs and loved ones but are made extraordinary and
heroic by their deeds and there determined refusal to be oppressed.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

EUROPEAN FEMINISMS, 1700-1950: A POLITICAL HISTORY
Karen Offen
This ambitious book explores challenges to male hegemony throughout
continental Europe. It focuses especially on France, but it also offers
comparative material on developments in the German speaking countries and
in the smaller European nations and aspiring nation-states. Spanning 250
years, the sweeping coverage extends from Portugal to Poland, Greece to
Finland, Ireland to Ukraine, and Spain to Scandinavia - as well as
internationaland transnational feminist organizations. The study has several
objectives. Forgeneral readers and those interested primarily in the
historical record, it
provides a comprehensive, comparative account of feminist developments in
European societies, as well as a rereading of European history from a
feministperspective. By placing gender, or relations between women and men,
at the
center of European politics, where the author argues that it belongs but
from
which it has long been marginalized, the book aims to reconfigure our
understanding of the European past and to make visible a long but neglected
tradition of feminist thought and politics. On another level, by providing
a broadand accurate historical analysis, the book seeks to disentangle some
misperceptions and to demystify some confusing contemporary debates about
the Enlightenment, reason, nature, equality vs. difference, and public vs.
private, among others. The author argues that historical feminisms offer
us farmore than logical paradoxes and contradictions; feminisms are about
sexual
politics, not philosophy. Feminist victories are not, strictly speaking,
aboutgetting the argument right, nor is gender merely "a useful category of
analysis"; sexual difference lies at the heart of human thought and
politics.
Stanford University Press, 1999, ISBN: 0804734208.

SIX BILLION AND COUNTING
Population And Food Security In The 21st Century
http://www.ifpri.org/pubs/jhu/sixbillion.htm
In 1999 global population surpassed 6 billion people, and this number
rises byabout 70-80 million people each year. Six Billion and Counting
examines the
consequences of continuing population growth for the world's resource
systems and for national and global food security. Leisinger, Schmitt, and
Pandya-Lorch offer here a sober analysis of a complex and alarming
situation.
They assess the progress the world has made in controlling population growth
and point to the areas where future difficulties will lie. They describe the
effects of rapid population growth on social and economic conditions and on
natural resources, and they consider what population growth will mean for
the
food security of poor people and poor countries. In addition, the authors
makeclear how the roles of women and children in traditional societies
affect
birthrates. Six Billion and Counting shows that neither the population
pessimists,
who predict a catastrophic exhaustion of natural resources, nor the
populationoptimists, who foresee technological solutions for all of the
problems
raised bypopulation growth, offer the most useful approach to this problem.
Instead,
Leisinger and his coauthors argue that new technologies mitigating the
harmful effects of rapid population growth can give the world valuable
time totake the complex and multifaceted steps needed to reduce population
growth
rates to sustainable levels. ISBN 0-89629-705-5, John Hopkins University
Press.

THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT DIRECTORY
Sarah Harland And Dave Griffiths
The International Development Directory is a new guide to UK-based voluntary
organisations working in the developing world. Building on the strengths
of theThird World Directory, also published by Directory of Social Change,
this
latest guide offers updated, expanded and clear coverage of details of
over 250organisations involved in campaigning, development and emergency
relief,
available funding for this area of work from a variety of government and
charitable sources and useful subject and geographical indexes. An
invaluable
resource for fundraisers, donors, volunteers and job seekers in the field of
advocacy, humanitarian work and development. Directory of Social Change,
ISBN: 1 900360 85 3, 2001.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=5019
Contact: [log in to unmask]

TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND POVERTY: A HANDBOOK
http://www.cepr.org/pubs/books/cepr/booklist.asp?cvno=P144
Xavier Cirera , Neil McCulloch , L Alan Winters.
This Handbook, published with the Department for International Development
(DFID), examines how openness to trade is a key element of economic policy;
continuing extreme poverty in developing countries is a disgrace. This
Handbook examines how our concerns about the world’s poor should affect
our attitude towards and implementation of trade liberalization. ISBN: 1
898128 62 6, Centre for Economic Policy Research, 2001.

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20.LETTERS AND COMMENTS

FELICITY HILL
Director, United Nations Office, Women's International League For Peace And
Freedom
I wish to subscribe to the EXCELLENT PAMBAZUKA NEWS.

SUE ADAMS
Coady International Institute
Congratulations on the new identity, and the rapid growth of this electronic
newsletter. I have subscribed for over a year, and use it as a model in
workshops I teach on the use of the internet for advocacy. Participants from
African NGOs find it a particularly inspiring example.

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THIS NEWSLETTER IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY KABISSA, FAHAMU AND
SANGONET
Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
24 Philadelphia Avenue, Takoma Park, MD 20912, USA
[log in to unmask]
http://www.kabissa.org

Fahamu - learning for change
Unit 14, Standingford House, Cave Street, Oxford OX4 1BA, UK
[log in to unmask]
http://www.fahamu.org

Southern African Non-Governmental Organisation Network (SANGONeT)
P O Box 31
Johannesburg, 2000
South Africa
[log in to unmask]
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The Newsletter is an advocacy tool for social justice. The Newsletter is
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Next WASAN meeting is Wednesday, January 30, 2002. Location: Safeco Jackson Street Center, 306 23rd Ave. S at S. Main St, Suite 200 , Seattle
7:00 PM WASAN business meeting
7:30-9:00 PM Program: South Africa

We usually meet the fourth Wednesday of the month. For a calendar of local Africa events see www.ibike.org/africamatters/calendar.htm .  To post a message: [log in to unmask]  To subscribe send a message to [log in to unmask]  To unsubscribe send a message to [log in to unmask] . All past postings are archived at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/wa-afr-network

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