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Subject: [WASAN] FW: PAMBAZUKA NEWS 80 - PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN RIGHTS



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Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2002 22:12:58 -0500 (CDT)
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Subject: PAMBAZUKA NEWS 80 - PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN RIGHTS

PAMBAZUKA NEWS 80
A weekly electronic newsletter for social justice in Africa

CONTENTS: 1. Editorial, 2. Conflict, Emergencies, and Crises, 3. Rights and
Democracy, 4. Corruption, 5. Health, 6. Education and Social Welfare, 7.
Women
and Gender, 8. Refugees and Forced Migration, 9. Racism and Xenophobia, 10.
Environment, 11. Media, 12. Development, 13. Internet and Technology, 14.
eNewsletters and Mailing Lists, 15. Fundraising, 16. Courses, Seminars, and
Workshops, 17. Advocacy Resources, 18. Jobs, 19. Books and Arts, 20. Letters
and Comments

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1.EDITORIAL

PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN RIGHTS
Issa G. Shivji, Professor Of Law, University Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Human rights are often presented as claims or entitlements. It is also said
that rights belong to individuals. Both these ideas arise from a
philosophical
perspective, which assumes that human beings exist as isolated individuals
who
make claims or possess entitlements in isolation.

An exactly opposite philosophical perspective tells us that human beings are
social beings, not individual beings. Society is a web of relations -
social,
economic, cultural and political - which have been constructed historically
as
different interests in society interact, clash and contradict and give birth
to
new sets of relations. Social struggles, therefore, are the base from which
social relations develop. […]

The modern human rights debate - or discourse - is constructed on the
philosophical foundation of the human being as an individual, and not as a
social being. This lies at the centre of many of the controversies in human
rights discourse. […]

The values and principles that underlie the human rights discourse have been
constructed historically in the course of social struggles. Therefore, human
rights is a contentious discourse in which different, and often
contradictory,
perspectives representing different interests in national and international
society, seek dominance or hegemony.

Just as dominant and dominating interests may employ the ideology of human
rights to justify and rationalise their dominance, so also the forces that
seek
to resist dominance may deploy human rights to mobilise their resistance.
Human
rights, as we know them today, were born in a period of contention. They
were
born in the context of the Cold War between the socialist and the capitalist
system on the one hand, and in the context of the wars of national
liberation
from imperial/colonial domination, on the other. This context has had a
major
impact on the debates within, and about, human rights. […]

Human Rights as Contentious Discourse

The most celebrated document in the history of human rights, the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), was adopted in 1948 when the world had
just
emerged from one of the most devastating wars. There were only 56 member
states
of the United Nations with only three from Africa, including apartheid South
Africa, which adopted the UDHR.

But the world was a long way from recognising the universal human being.
More
than two-thirds of the world's peoples were colonised and referred to as
natives. They were not thought to be human enough to have human rights!
President Roosevelt's four freedoms – freedom of speech and expression,
freedom
to worship 'god' in your own way, freedom from want and freedom from fear
(no
wars between states) – which are supposed to have provided the building
blocks
of the UDHR did not include the freedom most central to the colonised
peoples: 'freedom from colonial oppression' or the right to national self-
determination. […]

The human rights ideology was incubated in the crucible of the Cold War
(1945-
90) and reflected the political, ideological and military disagreements and
struggles underlying it. While the Cold War was cold in Europe, it was very
hot
in the Third World, Africa included. There was not a single year from 1945
to
1990 when there was not conflict somewhere in the world. […]

During much of the Cold War and to this day, the USA presented, and
continues
to present, itself as the champion of freedom, democracy and individual
rights,
despite the fact that it was at the same time trampling on the basic rights
of
Third World peoples - their rights to life and self-determination - as it
propelled and fuelled wars and supported dictators. […]

The double-standards in human rights discourse, and the unequal power
relations
which underlie it, is not fully appreciated if human rights are presented as
apolitical, asocial and ahistorical values inherent in us all because we are
human beings. The setting of human rights standards through international
conventions and declarations is itself a very contentious political process
which demonstrates the gross inequalities of the world capitalist and
imperial
system. […]

Thus the way human rights are prioritised and categorised is itself open to
debate, demonstrating the ideological nature of human rights discourse. Like
all ideological discourses, half-truths and untruths are presented as
absolute
truths and whole truths. We should be wary therefore of a perspective on
human
rights which does not treat human rights in the context of history and
social
struggles.

Wherever there is oppression and injustice, there is bound to be resistance
and
struggle. In this process, the oppressors justify and rationalise their
oppression in ideologies of domination, just as the oppressed mobilise and
articulate their resistance in the ideologies of struggle and resistance.

In the present era, as globalisation is touted as the universal human good,
we
are also witnessing unprecedented inequalities, injustices, oppression, and
levels of poverty and deprivation, which make mockery of our basic humanity,
let alone human rights. […]

What Africa pays in debt-servicing and through loss of terms of trade every
year would be more than enough to provide decent health, education and safe
drinking water to every man, woman and child on the continent. Meanwhile,
for
the last 10 to 15 years, Africa has been subjected to unprecedented
dictation
from the international financial organisations and the so-called donor
community. The neo-liberal policies adopted as a result have plunged the
continent deeper into poverty with little prospect of improvement as its
resources are pillaged by multinational corporations and its politics
increasingly entrapped in the game of musical chairs for the minuscule urban
elites. […]

Human Rights as Resistance

- The rights of peoples to self-determination

As we saw, the UDHR did not include the right of nations and peoples to
self-
determination although the declaration was born in the midst of a world in
which more than two-thirds of the human race lived under colonial or semi-
colonial conditions. […]

In the context of the rising national liberation movements and new forms of
imperial domination, a number of liberation movements, trade unions and
activist intellectuals meeting in Algiers in 1976 adopted the Universal
Declaration of the Rights of Peoples, known as the Algiers Declaration.
(http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php? id=10104). The Algiers Declaration
is
a fine example of the reconceptualisation of the rights ideology by civil
society to legitimise the struggle of peoples. The Algiers Declaration does
not
pretend to set any standards nor freeze these standards as enforceable
rights
of individuals to stabilise the status quo, but rather it consciously sums
up
people's struggles so as to legitimise them.

By further rethinking the right to self-determination and giving the
term 'people' a contextual meaning, this right also has the potential to
capture the current struggle of the African people for democracy from below
and
genuine participation in governance.

The right to self-determination, it can be argued, includes the right of the
people to be consulted on all matters that affect their lives. Just as an
individual has a right to be heard before any adverse action is taken
against
him/her, so the people have a right to be consulted before decisions are
made
affecting them. […]

The right to self-determination has been a major weapon used by various NGOs
to
argue and articulate the case against the ruinous economic policies the
International Monetary Fund and the World Bank have imposed on African and
other developing countries. In February 2002, a number of NGOs campaigning
against Third World debts convened a People's Tribunal in Porto Alegre, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil to hear evidence and adjudicate upon the legality and
legitimacy of the debts. The 'verdict'
(http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php? id=10104) deploys with great
effect
the language of human rights generally, and particularly the language of the
right to self-determination, in order to show that Third World debts are
illegitimate and that the people of the South are fully justified in
resisting
payment of these debts.

- Right to Life

The right to life is considered a basic right. As a matter of fact, the
right
of peoples to self-determination and right to life together may be
justifiably
called the mother of all rights.

In the mainstream interpretations, the right to life is given a narrow
meaning
of the right to existence. Various campaigns against capital punishment and
torture have been anchored in this right. But Third World jurists and human
rights activists, faced with extreme poverty and inhuman existence in their
societies, have imaginatively expanded the meaning of the right to life to
include the right to livelihood, right to shelter, right to land and right
to
food. […]

In this way, the language of rights is deployed to articulate the most
pressing
concerns of the large majority of people while at the same time providing
the
language of resistance against, and changing of, the existing conditions. It
is
important, therefore, that activist NGOs and other human rights advocates
are
conscious of the different perspectives on human rights, so that they know
what
to promote, in whose interest and in which direction.

* See http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php? id=10104 for the Algiers
Declaration and the verdict of the People's Tribunal on Debt.

*Would you like to respond to this editorial? Send your views to
[log in to unmask] and we will publish them in our Letters and Comments
section next week.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10104

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2.CONFLICT, EMERGENCIES, AND CRISES

AFRICA: ANGOLA LEADING LANDMINE CASUALTY COUNTRY
http://www.icbl.org/lm/2002/
Angola suffered the most landmine casualties in Southern Africa last year,
with
660 people - most of them civilians - killed or injured, according to a new
report by the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL). The report
said
more than 34 million stockpiled antipersonnel mines have been destroyed by
61
states, including seven million in the past year.

AFRICA: THE NEW HUMANITARIANISM: INCOMPATIBLE WITH ETHICAL ACCOUNTABILITY?
http://www.id21.org/society/s9cmd1g1.html
A special issue of the Overseas Development Institute’s Disasters journal
reports on a conference exploring dilemmas and debates around politics,
conditionality and humanitarian aid. Looking at conflicts and relief
responses
in the Balkans, Great Lakes, Afghanistan and elsewhere, articles chart the
problematic consequences of the politicisation of humanitarian aid.

BURUNDI: GOVERNMENT INVESTIGATING MASSACRE OF 183 PEOPLE
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209190068.html
A commission has been established by the Burundi government to investigate
the
massacre of 183 people on 9 September by unknown gunmen in Itaba Commune,
central Gitega Province.

BURUNDI: PEACE TALKS TO RESUME ON THURSDAY, SAYS SOUTH AFRICA
Negotiations aimed at achieving a ceasefire agreement between the
transitional
government of Burundi and armed opposition movements will resume in Dar es
Salaam, Tanzania, on Thursday, 19 September, according to a statement issued
by
the office of South African Deputy President Jacob Zuma on Monday.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10056

CONGO: FOREIGN ARMY LEAVES CONGO DIAMOND TOWN
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2255077.stm
Zimbabwean troops defending Democratic Republic of Congo's diamond capital,
Mbuji Mayi, are due to return home Friday. A ceremony was held at the
airport
in the town to mark the imminent departure of the soldiers, which was
delayed
by a shortage of aircraft.

DJIBOUTI: BUSH TAKES HIS 'WAR ON TERROR' TO AFRICA
http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?
click_id=68&art_id=ct2002091910285946013211&set_id=1
The United States is preparing to take on suspected al-Qaeda members
believed
to be hiding in Yemen and has sent 800 US troops and an unknown number of
special forces operatives to Djibouti, the tiny African nation facing Yemen.

DRC: ANNAN RECOMMENDS MONUC HQ IN KISANGANI
http://www.un.org/Docs/sc/reports/2002/sgrep02.htm
UN Secretary General Kofi Annan has recommended establishing a headquarters
for
the UN Mission in DRC (MONUC) in Kisangani to enable it to shift "its centre
of
gravity" to the eastern part of the country. The headquarters would enable
it
to coordinate MONUC activities in the east and to spearhead disarmament,
demobilisation, repatriation, resettlement and reintegration in the region,
he
said in a report on the mission.

DRC: THE BUSINESS OF WAR IN CENTRAL AFRICA
Local government administrations installed in occupied provinces of the
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by rebel forces backed by Rwanda and
Uganda
survive through a war economy, with mineral, agriculture and forest
resources
extracted and sold to multinationals via Rwanda and Uganda, according to a
paper on local governance in conflict situations. The result, figures
presented
by the paper show, has been a trading boom for Rwanda and Uganda since they
became involved in the war that has engulfed central Africa.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10113

IVORY COAST: IVORY COAST TROOPS STAGE MUTINY
http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-2026881,00.html
Heavy gunfire and explosions rattled the commercial capital of Ivory Coast
on
Thursday as members of the security forces apparently staged a mutiny.
Shooting
was reported around military bases in three cities in the center and north
of
the country.

LIBERIA: LIBERIA ENDS STATE OF EMERGENCY
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2258602.stm
Liberian President Charles Taylor has lifted the state of emergency imposed
eight months ago after rebels began threatening the capital, Monrovia.
Speaking
after the recapture of the north-western town of Bopolu on Friday, Mr Taylor
said he had taken the decision because of the reduced danger from rebels.

LIBERIA: TAYLOR SAYS NO TO FOREIGN PEACEKEEPERS
Liberian President Charles Taylor on Monday reiterated his opposition to
calls
for an international peacekeeping force to end the violent conflict in his
country. "There will be no intervention force in Liberia as long as I am
president," news agencies quoted him as saying. "Anybody who sets foot on
Liberian soil without the consent of this government must be prepared to
fight."
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10079

NIGERIA: NIGERIA URGES U.N. ON ARMS DEAL
http://news.yahoo.com/news?
tmpl=story2&cid=515&ncid=723&e=1&u=/ap/20020915/ap_on_re_af/un_nigeria
Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo urged U.N. members Sunday to seek a
legally binding agreement to curb trafficking in small arms, which he said
worsens many conflicts in Africa. Many African wars were exacerbated "by the
influx of small arms into the continent," he said.

RWANDA: KIGALI TO BEGIN DRC PULLOUT ''IN ONE WEEK''
President Paul Kagame of Rwanda announced last Friday that Rwandan troops
would
begin their pullout from neighbouring Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) "in
approximately one week's time".
* Related Links: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/em/-/1/hi/world/africa/2262015.stm
and http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29949
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10055

SOUTHERN AFRICA: FAMINE THREATENS SOUTHERN AFRICA
http://www.bread.org/issues/africa/food_crisis_in_southern_africa.html#longt
erm
To deal with recurring drought and famine in Africa, long-term strategies
must
be developed to address the fundamental economic and political problems
facing
these, and other, African countries. It is imperative that significant
investments are made by both local governments and foreign donors to
strengthen
the capacity of the countries to become more agriculturally productive, and
for
local people and institutions to deal with the effects of droughts and
related
epidemics, according to a new report.
* Related Link: http://www.unfoundation.org/unwire/index.asp

SUDAN: SUDAN'S BEST CHANCE FOR PEACE: HOW NOT TO LOSE IT
http://www.crisisweb.org/
The first round of the promising peace process mediated by the regional
Inter-
Governmental Authority for Development (IGAD) produced the breakthrough
Machakos Protocol, with provisional agreements on the key issues of a self-
determination referendum for the South, and religion and state. However, the
government walked out of the second round after losing an important city on
the
battlefield in early September. IGAD mediators and the observer countries
must
devise a strategy for reviving the talks and then keeping the parties
focused
on negotiating a comprehensive solution, says an international think-tank.

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3.RIGHTS AND DEMOCRACY

CAMEROON: RULING PARTY WINS MAJORITY IN RE-RUN
Cameroon's ruling party won 16 out of 17 seats in parliamentary re-elections
held on Sunday, after irregularities in the original poll in June, Cameroon
Radio and Television reported on Tuesday.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10137

CONGO: FREE ELECTIONS POSSIBLE
http://news.yahoo.com/news?
tmpl=story2&cid=515&ncid=723&e=2&u=/ap/20020915/ap_on_re_af/un_congo
Four years after civil war broke out in Congo, President Joseph Kabila held
out
the prospect Saturday of national reconciliation and free elections if
recent
peace deals with Rwanda and Uganda are successful.

DRC: KABILA SHOULD PROVE COMMITMENT TO HUMAN RIGHTS
President Joseph Kabila of Congo was last week urged by Human Rights Watch
to
use his visit to the United Nations General Assembly to announce the release
of
one of the country’s leading human rights defenders. N’sii Luanda Shandwe
has
been held in Kinshasa for more than four months and is charged with treason
and
sheltering criminals. He is facing trial before the Military Order Court,
and
could be sentenced to death if found guilty.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10053

KENYA: ENSURE DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS IN KENYA
An organisation called The Kenyan Community Abroad (KCA) has expressed
concern
about the political climate in Kenya and the conduct of the outgoing
president,
Daniel arap Moi.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10054

KENYA: ETHNIC VIOLENCE LINKED TO POLITICS
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29956
Renewed ethnic tensions in the Gucha, Transmara and Migori districts of
western
Kenya, in which several people have been killed since last week, have been
linked to crucial presidential and parliamentary elections expected later
this
year.

MALAWI: DONORS URGE CONSULTATION OVER THIRD TERM
Malawi's four major donors have asked that the government of President
Bakili
Muluzi allow wider consultation before going to parliament with another bill
aimed at allowing him to run for a third term.

MOZAMBIQUE: PARTIES DISAGREE ON ELECTION COMMITTEE
Mozambique's two main political parties have been unable to agree on changes
to
electoral laws ahead of legislative elections due next year. For over two
years
a parliamentary ad-hoc commission has worked on the laws, but has been
unable
to achieve consensus.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10052

NIGERIA: GOVERNMENT CRITICS AT RISK AFTER POLITICAL KILLINGS
Critics of the Anambra state government in southeastern Nigeria have been
receiving death threats following the assassination of Barnabas Igwe and his
wife on September 1, 2002, Human Rights Watch says. "There is strong,
credible
evidence that Igwe and his wife were targeted for political reasons -
because
of Igwe's and the NBA's public criticism of the Anambra state government's
performance," said Peter Takirambudde, executive director of the Africa
Division of Human Rights Watch.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10141

NIGERIA: VOTER REGISTRATION BEGINS IN NIGERIA
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/2252846.stm
Nigeria has started the massive task of registering voters in preparation
for
state and national elections but the complaints have also started. Election
officials say registration started smoothly at 120,000 centres for a massive
10-
day operation to enfranchise the country's 60 million voters.

RWANDA: A PRIMARY TARGET ARRESTED
News that the genocide suspect, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, has been arrested is
cause for a general sigh of relief in Rwanda. The battle for justice for the
genocide is still far from over, but the capture of Gatete in the Republic
of
Congo on 11 September 2002 hit a primary target. For nearly two decades,
Gatete
has been notorious as a violent extremist in Rwanda, says the organisation
African Rights.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10031

ZAMBIA: GOOD AND BAD NEWS FOR ELECTORAL FRAUD RULING
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29960
There was good and bad news for Zambian opposition parties this week when
they
asked the Supreme Court to nullify last December's election, which President
Levy Mwanawasa officially won by the narrowest of margins. The good news was
that the Supreme Court was willing to listen to them. The bad news was that
with no time limit, any decision by the judges was likely to take a very
long
time in coming.

ZIMBABWE: LIBYA UPS PRESSURE ON ZIM IN ASSETS-FOR-OIL DEAL
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209120584.html
As fuel and food queues lengthened on Thursday structural faults in the
latest
Zimbabwe-Libya $360-million fuel deal were emerging. Despite being granted a
pick of the country's choice assets, the Libyan government has reportedly
stepped up pressure on Zimbabwe to offer more assets of greater value as
guarantee for sustained fuel supplies from the North African country.

ZIMBABWE: MUGABE NEGLECTS PLIGHT OF THOUSANDS OF EVICTED FARM WORKERS
http://zwnews.com/issuefull.cfm?ArticleID=5171
The worst victims of Robert Mugabe's land seizures are not the few thousand
white farming families being evicted from their farms. Those suffering the
most
are the hundreds of thousands of black farm workers who are losing their
jobs,
being thrown out of their homes, often violently, and who will make up an
enormous new landless class, reports The Guardian.

ZIMBABWE: RETIRED ZIM JUDGE RELEASED ON BAIL
http://www.dispatch.co.za/2002/09/17/foreign/CZIM.HTM
A retired high court judge, who clashed with a Zimbabwe government minister
two
months ago, was released on bail this week after spending three days in a
squalid police cell. Magistrate Lillian Kudya granted bail of R1800 to
Fergus
Blackie, 65, and ordered him to appear again on November 18.

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4.CORRUPTION

AFRICA/GLOBAL: NEW INDEX HIGHLIGHTS CORRUPT ELITES
http://www.transparency.org/pressreleases_archive/2002/2002.08.28.cpi.en.htm
l
"Political elites and their cronies continue to take kickbacks at every
opportunity. Hand in glove with corrupt business people, they are trapping
whole nations in poverty and hampering sustainable development. Corruption
is
perceived to be dangerously high in poor parts of the world, but also in
many
countries whose firms invest in developing nations," said Peter Eigen,
Chairman
of Transparency International, speaking on the launch of the Corruption
Perceptions Index 2002 (CPI) in late August.

AFRICA: AU LAUNCHES ANTI-CORRUPTION DRIVE
The newly-formed African Union (AU) has set out its first ever policy to
tackle
corruption which, it says, is costing the continent at least US $148 billion
a
year.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10087

AFRICA: LOW TURNOUT AT ANTI-CORRUPTION SUMMIT CRITICISED
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29950
Ministers from the African Union (AU) were criticised on Wednesday for
failing
to take corruption more seriously. Only some 13 ministers attended a summit
of
42 African countries aimed at tackling corruption.

ANGOLA: WORLD BANK PROMISES AID TO ANGOLA, WARNS ON CORRUPTION
http://www.transparency.org/cgi-bin/dcn-read.pl?citID=45268
The World Bank pledged $120 million Thursday to help Angola rebuild after
more
than two decades of civil war, but told the authorities they must take
measures
to dispel suspicion of high-level corruption.

GHANA: LAWYERS SPEAK OUT ON CORRUPTION IN THE JUDICIARY
http://www.transparency.org/cgi-bin/dcn-read.pl?citID=45276
The ongoing public hearing about the perceived corruption in the Ghanaian
judiciary by the Parliamentary Select Committee on the Judiciary made a
stopover in Sekondi-Takoradi last week with shocking revelations by some
members of the bar.

LESOTHO: CANADIAN ENGINEERING MULTINATIONAL CONVICTED OF BRIBERY IN AFRICA
http://www.probeinternational.org/pi/index.cfm?DSP=content&ContentID=5419
In a landmark decision that has sweeping implications for Third World
development, engineering multinational Acres International of Oakville,
Ontario
has been convicted by the Lesotho High Court in southern Africa on two
counts
of bribing a local official to secure contracts on a multibillion dollar dam
scheme. Earlier this year, the recipient of the bribes, Lesotho's Masupha
Sole,
was also convicted.

NIGERIA: SPEAKER HAS CASE TO ANSWER, SAYS ANTI-GRAFT PANEL
http://www.thisdayonline.com/news/20020917news01.html
The Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission
(ICPC)
says that Speaker of the House of Representatives, Ghali Na'Abba has a case
to
answer in a corruption petition filed against him.

NIGERIA: SQUARING UP TO SOMETHING ROTTEN
http://www.transparency.org/cgi-bin/dcn-read.pl?citID=45263
President Olusegun Obasanjo, who came to office in 1999 after more than 15
years of military rule, has promised to help dispel widely held perceptions
of
Nigeria as an archetype of unethical business behaviour. Less than a year
before he is due to stand for re-election, the country's continued notoriety
raises questions about the effectiveness of the president's actions and
highlights the manifold and deep-rooted difficulties that confront campaigns
for greater public sector and corporate transparency in poor nations.

SOUTH AFRICA: PRESS AHEAD OR BACK TO THE START?
http://www.bday.co.za/bday/content/direct/1,3523,1177886-6099-0,00.html
Two of the three investigations into corruption allegations involving the
R335m
Komatiland forestry privatisation deal may have been concluded, but the real
challenge still lies ahead for government: do they now cancel the deal or
move
swiftly to conclude it?

SWAZILAND: CABINET SHELVES JET PURCHASE
Bhekie Matsebula
http://www.swazis.org.uk/~sep02/jet.html
In a surprise move, the Swaziland Cabinet announced on Thursday (12
September)
that the proposed purchase of a private jet for King Mswati III's personal
use
was being shelved.
Instead, Prime Minister Sibusiso Dlamini announced that the government would
use chartered planes for the king's overseas trips. Already government
auditors
have reported a loss of over R4 million in costs involving the hiring of
chartered planes by the King when undertaking his trips.

SWAZILAND: GOVERNMENT LOOTS STATE FUNDS
Bhekie Matsebula
http://www.swazis.org.uk/~sep02/loot.html
As the political debate heats up over whether Swaziland is a democratic
country, the leaders of the tiny southern African kingdom have been accused
of
being "looters" of state funds by using developmental projects as financial
scams.

ZAMBIA: CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN USED TO SETTLE OLD SCORES
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209120276.html
An anti-corruption campaign by Zambian President Levy Mwanawasa has helped
transform his image from that of dubious victor of an illegitimate election,
to
a crusader out to cleanse the country of his predecessor's alleged sleaze.
But
human rights groups have begun to voice concern that the investigations are
increasingly looking like a witch-hunt aimed at settling old political
scores.

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5.HEALTH

AFRICA/GLOBAL: ASSESSING THE HEALTH OF THE POOR: TOWARDS A PRO-POOR
MEASUREMENT
STRATEGY
http://www.healthsystemsrc.org/
In order to address the needs of the poor it is necessary to measure health
behaviours and service uptake of poor people. However very little is known
about these outcomes for the poorest of the poor. This is a key argument of
an
issues paper produced by the DFID Health Systems Resource Centre (HSRC) on
behalf of the UK Department for International Development (DFID). The paper
aims to review the existing methods and sources available to measure the
health
problems of the poor, their access to services, spending on health and
mortality differentials, in order to advance the debate on how to build a
strategy for systematically upgrading the evidence base in health.

AFRICA: GUINEA WORM SCOURGE NEARLY ERADICATED
http://www.globalhealth.org/news/article/2288
Guinea worm disease, a debilitating water-borne parasitic infection, was
once
endemic throughout much of Africa. But recent efforts to control the disease
have proven so successful that experts now believe it could be eradicated
within a decade.

AFRICA: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS LAWS HINDER DRUGS ACCESS
http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_index.cfm?DR_ID=13432
Intellectual property rights laws are "holding up access to vital
medicines,"
including drugs to treat HIV/AIDS, in poorer nations, and strategies such as
compulsory licensing and differential pricing should be implemented to
increase
access to medicines in developing nations, according to a report released by
the Commission on Intellectual Property Rights.

BOTSWANA: DRUGS TREATMENT LURES AIDS PATIENTS FROM SOUTHERN AFRICA
http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_index.cfm?DR_ID=13406
HIV-positive individuals from Southern African countries are increasingly
travelling to Botswana -- the only nation in the region that provides
antiretroviral therapy through its public health service -- in search of
treatment, the Financial Times reports. Botswana, which has the world's
highest
HIV infection rate, with 38.5 percent of people between the ages of 14 and
49
believed to be HIV-positive, began offering treatment this year through a
partnership with drug maker Merck and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

KENYA: BILL TO CRIMINALISE AIDS TRANSMISSION
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209120133.html
A Bill presented to the Kenyan Parliament suggests that those found guilty
of
causing the transmission of HIV/AIDS should be jailed. The HIV/AIDS
Prevention
Bill proposes three-year jail terms and will cover not only sexual
transmission, but also transmission through contaminated instruments, health
care supplies and physical contact.

KENYA: KENYAN PRESIDENT APPROVES GENERIC AIDS DRUG BILL
http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_index.cfm?DR_ID=13431
Kenyan President Daniel arap Moi has given his approval to the Industrial
Property Act, which allows the country to import generic versions of
patented
antiretroviral drugs, the Kenyan Daily Nation reports.

MALAWI: VOLUNTEERS HELPING PEOPLE WITH HIV/AIDS
Malawi is reinforcing its image as the "warm heart of Africa" by forming
networks of volunteers who provide home-based care (HBC) to the country's
HIV/AIDS sufferers. The groups help the sick with bathing and going to the
toilet. They fetch water for them and help with some housework and
disseminate
HIV/AIDS awareness into the communities.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10078

ZIMBABWE: CHOLERA DEATH TOLL RISES TO 19 IN ZIMBABWE
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209160841.html
Cholera has claimed nine more lives in Zimbabwe's populous Masvingo
province,
bringing the death toll to 19 since the outbreak was reported last week.

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6.EDUCATION AND SOCIAL WELFARE

AFRICA/GLOBAL: INTERSECTING RISKS: HIV/AIDS AND CHILD LABOUR
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/decl/publ/papers/risk
The spread of HIV/AIDS and inequality go hand in hand, argues a new report
from
the International Labour Organisation (ILO), with the two negative outcomes
of
globalisation being hazardous forms of child labour and the risk of HIV/AIDS
infection. The ILO report investigates the factors that contribute to child
labour as a result of HIV infection.

CONGO/DRC: STUDENTS FROM THE TWO CONGOS ALERT EACH OTHER AGAINST HIV/AIDS
http://www.undp.org/dpa/index.html
Young people in both the Congos are alerting one another about the deadly
risks
of HIV/AIDS and how to prevent infection in an initiative supported by
international and private sector partners. Nearly 250 students and teachers
in
the Republic of the Congo and from the neighbouring Democratic Republic of
the
Congo gathered recently at a conference in Brazzaville to expand the
project.

ETHIOPIA: INNOVATIVE STUDY INTO CAUSES OF CHILD POVERTY
Two thousand children in Ethiopia have been selected for a 15-year
'fly-on-the-
wall' study, assessing the root causes and long-term consequences of
childhood
poverty. Experts will monitor some of the country's poorest children from
the
age of six months until they reach their 15th birthday. The results are
expected to form the largest and possibly the most comprehensive study ever
on
the insidious affects of poverty among children.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10057

GABON: ''MORE EFFORT NEEDED'' ON CHILD TRAFFICKING
The government of Gabon has heard that it needs to expand its
inter-ministerial
commission against child trafficking, reinforce its laws on illegal child
immigration and repatriation, and sensitise its security forces in order to
minimise the exploitation of children.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10090

SOUTH AFRICA: EMBARRASSING PLIGHT OF CHILDREN IN DETENTION
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209161404.html
The reality is that children's lives are under threat in prison. The worst
cases appear to be those of, what the correctional services department
defines
as, children awaiting trial. At the end of July this year there were 1803
sentenced prisoners under the age of 18 in custody, with another 2157 who
were
still awaiting trial.

SOUTH AFRICA: GOVT MOBILISES GOODWILL FOR AIDS ORPHANS
http://www.health-e.org.za/view.php3?id=20020904
A national hotline has been established to mobilise the community goodwill
that
exists towards AIDS orphans, according to the Department of Health. At a
press
briefing in Pretoria, officials from the department’s new Khomanani
communication campaign said that a national survey had shown that over 66
percent of South Africans were prepared to help AIDS orphans, but only seven
percent were actually doing as most did not know how they could help.

SOUTH AFRICA: UN CHILD EXPERT VISITS SOUTHERN AFRICA
The UN Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and
child
pornography, Juan Miguel Petit, will visit South Africa from 16 to 26
September
2002. The Special Rapporteur intends to use the visit to examine in
particular
the situation of rape and sexual violence against children, trafficking of
children into and through South Africa, and the use of children in
prostitution. He will also seek further information about HIV/AIDS in the
context of these abuses.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10072

TANZANIA: THE ELDERLY AND AIDS: COPING STRATEGIES AND HEALTH CONSEQUENCES IN
RURAL TANZANIA
http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/wp/160.pdf
It is the elderly that suffer from the death of their children as
a “significant proportion” of adults suffering AIDS return to their parents’
home shortly before they die. This is according to a survey in north-western
Tanzania in 1991- 94 comparing the activities and wellbeing of the elderly
in
households before and after the death of a prime-aged adult with those of
the
elderly in households that did not experience the death of an adult.

WEST AFRICA: EXPERTS REVIEW PROGRESS ON CHILD RIGHTS
West African experts on child rights met government and nongovernmental
representatives in Mali on Monday at the start of a three-day technical
meeting
to review progress in promoting children rights in the Economic Community of
West African States.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10091

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7.WOMEN AND GENDER

AFRICA/GLOBAL: MOULDING ICTS FOR GENDER DEVELOPMENT
Four virtual seminars were held between 1 July and 13 September dealing with
multiple aspects relating to ICTs and gender empowerment and development.
Visit
the link below for an extract from the final summary of the virtual
seminars.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10067

AFRICA: WOMEN JOURNALISTS LAUNCH AFRICAN NEWS WEBSITE
http://www.afrol.com/Categories/Women/msindex.htm
Women journalists in Eastern and Central Africa have launched their own news
Web site to counter what they see as bias in Western and male-dominated
news.
The decision to launch a site came after fierce debate about gender
sensitivity
in the media during a recent East African Media Women's Association (EAMWA)
workshop in Nairobi, the Kenyan capital. The web site address is
http://www.eamwa.org

BURUNDI: WOMEN SATISFIED WITH PROGRESS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29822
Burundian women leaders have said they are satisfied with the progress they
are
making and are looking forward to obtaining more leadership positions in the
country's institutions.

MALAWI: WOMEN ACTIVISTS TAKE PROPERTY GRABBERS HEAD ON
Discrimination Against Women Over Property Rights Is Alarming In Malawi
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209160777.html
It is widely assumed that women are not necessarily bread winners and are
therefore not entitled to inherit property. This has created widespread
confrontations. Human rights and non-governmental organisations are now
crusading especially for the protection of widows in property rights
disputes.

NAMIBIA: NAMIBIAN PRESIDENT FORCED TO DROP WOMEN'S QUOTA
http://www.afrol.com/Categories/Women/msindex.htm
Amid claims of "dictatorial behaviour", as well as unprecedented heckling,
Namibian President Sam Nujoma on Sunday dropped plans to nominate 21 women
to
the Central Committee of the ruling SWAPO party.

NIGERIA: WOMEN URGED TO PARTICIPATE MORE IN POLITICS
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209160930.html
Civil Resources Development and Documentation Centre (CIR-DDOC), an NGO in
Abakaliki, has urged women to show more interest in politics to boost female
representation in governance.

NIGERIA: WOMEN'S GROUPS OPPOSE REPRESSION
http://www.civicus.org/main/server_navigation/skeletons/Civicus_01/framework
/nav
igation.cfm?contentid=195773A4-7ACA-421D-B7C14AF9983F5831
Nigerian women are mad and they're not going to take it any more! A
coalition
of leading women's groups has issued an 11-point declaration demanding an
end
to political repression, environmental degradation, and gender-biased
persecution based on Islamic laws.

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8.REFUGEES AND FORCED MIGRATION

ANGOLA: WESTERN COUNSELLING NOT APPROPRIATE
http://www.health-e.org.za/view.php3?id=20020905
Survivors of violence in the developing world are unlikely to respond to
western interventions based on individual counselling. This is according to
a
study conducted in Angola amongst displaced people living in Huila province,
the results of which are published in the latest Lancet.

BOTSWANA: BASARWA SAID TO BE RETURNING TO OLD HOMES
Groups of Botswana's Gana and Gwi Bushmen, also known as the Basarwa, were
reported to be returning to their homes in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve
in
defiance of government attempts at forcing them to settle elsewhere.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10048

BURUNDI-TANZANIA: NEW INFLUX OF BURUNDI REFUGEES
Following a recent increase in fighting in Burundi, over 300 refugees have
crossed the border into western Tanzania over the last three days, a
humanitarian agency told IRIN last Friday.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10049

BURUNDI: "VILLAGISATION" IN CAMPS FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29945
A process of "villagisation" is slowly taking place in camps for internally
displaced people (IDPs) in Burundi's central province of Gitega and the
northern province of Ngozi, according to humanitarian sources.

CAMEROON-NIGERIA: BAKASSI TENSION BEHIND PLANS FOR REFUGEE CENTRE
Nigeria plans to set up a refugee centre in the southeastern city of Calabar
in
expectation that the border dispute with Cameroon might trigger a refugee
crisis, a senior official in charge of refugees said on Saturday.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10065

DRC: REBEL GROUP LIMITS ACCESS TO RETURNEES FROM RWANDA
The Rwandan-backed rebel group governing much of eastern Democratic Republic
of
Congo (DRC) is limiting access to refugees in the Masisi region of North
Kivu
who have been forcibly repatriated from Rwanda, according to the UN refugee
agency (UNHCR).
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10085

LIBERIA: WFP CONCERNED OVER LACK OF ACCESS
http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29889
The United Nations' World Food Programme expressed "major concern" last
Friday
over lack of access to people trapped in areas of conflict or close to
military
front lines in Liberia. WFP noted that thousands of people had abandoned the
town of Tubmanburg and now it had a population of 5,000 to 6,000, compared
to
between 20,000 and 30,000 before the war.

TANZANIA: MORE BURUNDIANS ARRIVE IN TANZANIA; RETURNEE NUMBERS DROP
http://www.unhcr.ch/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/home
More than 1,000 fearful Burundian refugees have fled their tiny central
African
nation for Tanzania over the last two weeks, sparking fears that the
intensifying conflict between Burundian military and rebel forces could
drive
out larger numbers.

ZAMBIA : UNHCR TO REPATRIATE ANGOLAN REFUGEES
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29961
The office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Zambia
expects
to repatriate about 40,000 Angolan refugees next year. UNHCR Zambia
spokesman
Kelvin Shimo told IRIN that the voluntary repatriation was likely to begin
when
the rainy season ends.

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9.RACISM AND XENOPHOBIA

AFRICA: UN'S NEW HUMAN RIGHTS CHIEF SAYS TACKLING RACISM, PROTECTING
CIVILIANS
ARE TOP PRIORITIES
The new United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Sergio Vieira de
Mello, started his four-year term in Geneva last week, saying that he wanted
to
focus on the protection of civilian populations in conflict as well as the
fight against racism and promotion of women's rights.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10044

SWAZILAND: WHITE MANAGER SUSPENDED
Bhekie Matsebula
http://www.swazis.org.uk/~sep02/white.html
Workers of a large commercial transport company in Swaziland, Cargo
Carriers,
are on strike demanding the expulsion of a white expatriate manager of the
company who assaulted one of their colleagues on Thursday.

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10.ENVIRONMENT

AFRICA: STOCKPILES OF PESTICIDES IN AFRICA ARE DANGEROUS, U.N. AGENCY WARNS
http://enn.com/news/wire-stories/2002/09/09192002/ap_48474.asp
Toxic waste from some 120,000 tons of unused pesticides in Africa is
threatening peoples' health and the environment, a U.N. food agency said
Wednesday.

KENYA: AFRICAN BLOCS DIFFER ON RESUMING IVORY TRADE
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209170018.html
Kenya's NGO forum, led by the International Fund for Animal Welfare, has
called
on African Elephant Range States to oppose the reopening of the ivory trade
at
the 12th Conference of Parties for Convention on the International in
Endangered Species in November in Santiago, Chile.

KENYA: KENYA ARMS WILDLIFE WARDENS WITH POWERFUL WEAPONS
http://ens-news.com/ens/sep2002/2002-09-13-02.asp
Kenya has decided to equip its game wardens with new AK-101 and AK-102
Kalashnikov automatic rifles, replacing the old AK-47 and G-3 rifles which
had
been used by the Kenya Wildlife Service rangers for the past 10 years.

SOUTH AFRICA: BLAZING SHIP SPILLS OIL NEAR SOUTH AFRICAN WETLAND
http://ens-news.com/ens/sep2002/2002-09-17-04.asp
Cracks opened Tuesday in the hull of a burning Italian cargo ship grounded
offshore of the Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park on South Africa's east coast.
An
estimated 450 metric tons of oil have already spilled from the vessel into
the
waters near the country's first World Heritage Site, but so far the fragile
wetland environment has been spared.

WEST AFRICA: ELEPHANT DUNG HINTS AT NEW AFRICAN SPECIES
http://ens-news.com/ens/sep2002/2002-09-13-06.asp
Genetic evidence extracted from elephant dung has revealed that a previously
unknown type of elephant is roaming the African forests and plains.
Biologists
at the University of California, San Diego have used DNA to show that the
elephants of west Africa are genetically distinct from the continent's two
known elephant types.

WEST AFRICA: FOREST LOSS CALLS FOR URGENT ACTION
International scientists have called for urgent action to conserve the
Guinean
forest of West Africa, saying it is one of the world's top five biodiversity
hot spots.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10021

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11.MEDIA

COTE D IVOIRE: ANXIETY AT POLICE RAID ON MEDIA HOUSE
A raid by 10 policemen on a publishing house in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, on
Monday 9 September was on Thursday condemned by Reporters Sans Frontieres
(RSF), which described it as "worrying" for press freedom in the West
African
country.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10024

DRC: UN JOURNALIST ARRESTED BY MLC FOR CHILD SOLDIER REPORT
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29953
A journalist with the UN peace-building radio network in the Democratic
Republic of Congo (DRC) has been arrested in the northwestern city of
Gbadolite
by the Mouvement de liberation du Congo (MLC) of Jean-Pierre Bemba. They
were
angered by a report of Moliba's on the wretched living conditions of
thousands
of child soldiers serving in the MLC army.

ERITREA: GOVERNMENT URGED TO FREE DETAINEES
http://irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=29942
The international human rights organisation, Amnesty International, has
called
on the Eritrean authorities to immediately release a number of political
dissidents and journalists who have been in detention for a year.

SOUTH AFRICA: TRAFFIC OFFICER THREATENS TO MAKE JOURNALIST "VANISH"
On 19 September 2002, Sina Sebetha, an Edenvale traffic officer in Gauteng
province, threatened "Sunday Times" journalist Sabelo Ndlangisa. She told
the
journalist she would make him "vanish if he did not leave her alone."
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10145

ZIMBABWE: A DAY IN A POLICE CELL
Tawanda Majoni a reporter with Zimbabwe's new and fourth daily paper, The
Daily
Mirror recited to MISA-Zimbabwe in an interview on Sunday 14 September, the
story of his arrest on Thursday 12 September and how he suffered in police
cells. Majoni is a former police officer and he left the force after
studying
for a Diploma in Journalism. He was arrested for allegedly writing a false
story about the health status of the Police Commissioner Augustine Chihuri.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10025

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12.DEVELOPMENT

AFRICA/GLOBAL: A NEW DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM
http://www.fpif.org/papers/development.html
The Washington consensus, with its emphasis on export-led growth, has failed
and it is time for a new development policy agenda that focuses on domestic
demand-led growth, argues a discussion paper from Foreign Policy in Focus.

AFRICA/GLOBAL: BLINDING WITH SCIENCE OR ENCOURAGING DEBATE? HOW WORLD BANK
ANALYSIS DETERMINES PRSP POLICIES
http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/topic/adjustment/a30blinding.htm
The Poverty Reduction Strategy process, introduced by the World Bank and IMF
in
1999, is supposed to ensure that governments and civil society groups take
the
lead in defining policies that the Bank and Fund should support. But many
commentators have complained that macroeconomic policy choices have not been
adequately debated and that few countries have deviated from standard
options,
says a report from the Bretton Woods Project. The report also provides a
critical assessment of the current moves to introduce "Poverty and Social
Impact Analysis (PSIA)".

AFRICA/GLOBAL: COFFEE COMPANIES UNDER FIRE AS MILLIONS FACE RUIN
http://www.oxfam.org/eng/pr020918_coffee.htm
Millions of people in 45 coffee-growing countries are facing economic ruin
due
to collapsing world prices, according to Oxfam, who have launched a campaign
on
the issue. Oxfam says the benefit of aid and debt relief is being severely
undermined. For example, Ethiopia’s coffee income dropped by $110m compared
to
the $58m it is set to save in debt relief this year.

AFRICA/GLOBAL: POVERTY REDUCTION PLANS 'UNCONVINCING'
http://www.panos.org.uk/briefing/reducing_poverty_front.htm
Critics of Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) charge that the whole
approach is fundamentally flawed. Three years after the World Bank and
International Monetary Fund (IMF) introduced their Poverty Reduction
Strategy
(PRS) approach as the latest template for the world's poorest countries to
get
out of poverty, a new Panos report examines the progress so far and the
arguments about whether PRS can succeed.

AFRICA: AFRICA ASKS FOR MASS RETALIATION IN TRADE ROWS
http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/bwi-wto/2002/0911retaliation.htm
African countries have asked for poorer states in the World Trade
Organization
to be given the right to retaliate collectively against rich powers in
disputes, trade sources said Wednesday.

AFRICA: EMPHASIZE HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER NEPAD
http://www.hrw.org/press/2002/09/nepad0916.htm
United Nations General Assembly member states should emphasize political
reform
and respect for human rights over traditional economic development
initiatives,
Human Rights Watch says. “It is tempting for member states to want to focus
on
traditional development projects,” said Peter Takirambudde, director of
Human
Rights Watch’s Africa Division. “Such projects are less controversial and
provide measurable results. But, NEPAD’s success hinges upon the political
reforms that are more difficult and that need international support. These
are
the initiatives that can really transform Africa.”

AFRICA: INEQUALITY IGNORED FOR TOO LONG IN THE FIGHT AGAINST POVERTY
http://www.id21.org/society/s5cgac1g1.html
The drive to reduce poverty has stalled in many developing countries. The
United Nations’ target – to reduce income-related poverty to 15 percent by
2015 – will probably not be met. This policy brief, reporting the main
findings
of a UNU/WIDER study on changes in income equality, argues that the slowdown
is
in part the result of a failure to include inequality within the
growth-poverty
equation.

AFRICA: UN ENDORSES NEW PLAN TO REJUVENATE AFRICA
http://www.oneworld.net/ips4/2002/09/17-1.shtml
The 190-member U.N. General Assembly formally endorsed Monday the New
Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), the initiative to rebuild and
rejuvenate the crisis-stricken and war-ravaged continent.

CAMEROON/CHAD: PIPELINE RAGE FAILS TO DETER WORLD BANK
http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/bwi-wto/wbank/2002/0913cameroon.htm
The World Bank has decided that it will continue its support for a
controversial project designed to bring oil wealth and development to
Cameroon
and Chad, two of the world's poorest countries. But on the ground in western
Cameroon protests grow about the pipeline that will bring oil from Chad to
the
coast. Local people argue that the project has failed to bring the social
benefits expected. The involvement of the bank, in the face of misgivings
expressed by independent inspectors, has raised expectations on issues such
as
compensation for environmental damage and terms of employment.
* Related link: The World Bank's own Inspection Panel has backed many of the
complaints by non-governmental organizations about a major oil pipeline in
West
Africa. See
http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/topic/environment/e3004chadcam.html

UGANDA: HITCH IN HIPC DERAILS DEBT SERVICING
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209160604.html
The International Monetary Fund and World Bank's debt relief initiatives
have
failed to help Uganda sustainably manage its foreign debt as its creditors
outside the European Union declined to agree to relief terms spelt out by
the
Bretton Woods institutions. Uganda says the debt had instead increased. It
is
currently estimated at $3.6 billion.

ZAMBIA: LOW ECONOMIC GROWTH WORSENS IMPACT OF FOOD CRISIS
Ordinary Zambians are battling to cope with the effects of a food security
crisis exacerbated by an economic slowdown. Joyce Mwenya is an example of
the
daily struggle faced by 80 percent of Zambians who live on less than US $1 a
day. With a baby strapped to her back, the 33-year-old mother of three sells
vegetables at the market in Kanyama, one of Lusaka's poor shanty towns.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10064

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13.INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY

COMMUNICATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE
http://www.comminit.com/stcfscindicators/foreward
This working paper, Communication for Social Change: An Integrated Model for
Measuring the Process and Its Outcomes, takes a big step forward in refining
the practice of communication for social change. It is part of a larger
strategy to spread communication for social-change thinking and ways of
working
broadly: to poor communities that have never thought about communication as
a
tool they can control for improving their lives; within aid and donor
organisations that are more comfortable being in control than in sharing
control; or within academic institutions that are preparing the next
generation
of professional communicators.

HOW ELECTRONIC NEWSLETTERS CAN HELP CHARITIES
http://philanthropy.com/jobs/2002/09/19/20020919-99867.htm
Many charities are increasingly turning to e-mailed newsletters to help them
reach out to their supporters: to educate them, to spur them to advocacy,
and
to encourage donations. E-newsletters can also help charities save on
printing
and mailing costs, compared to print newsletters.

PANOS MEDIA FELLOWSHIPS ON ICTS-ENABLED COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES FOR SOCIAL
CHANGE
Panos sees the need to have an independent account by journalists and
development experts who can reflect the range of perspectives among user
communities, the rural poor, government officers, development workers,
policy
makers, and other stakeholders, as to what 'ICTs for development' means in
their societies. These views need to frame the debate around ICTs-enabled
development discourses. Panos has been commissioning independent journalists
for a decade to write Panos Briefings to encourage and support informed
debate
on various development issues. As part of the Briefings series, Panos plans
to
commission journalists and development experts from the South to visit
telecentres in their regions.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10122

USING E-BUSINESS TO EMPOWER FARMERS IN TANZANIA
http://www.iconnect-online.org/base/ic_show_news?id=1844&cat=x
In Tanzania, a pioneering project seeks to empower farmers and strengthen
rural
economies through e-business. The Business Information Services (BIS)
Project
aims to position itself as a reliable source of information of business
value
to farmers and small and medium-scale enterprises in the rural areas. The
Project intends to harness information and communication technologies (ICTs)
to
narrow the digital divide between urban and rural areas where for example
mobile phones - that people in town take for granted - are scarce or non-
existent.

WOMEN USING ICTS TO ADVANCE GENDER EQUALITY IN AFRICA
The newsletter of the Association for Progressive Communications (APC),
Africa
Internet Rights ICT Policy Monitor to mobilise African Civil Society for ICT
policy for development and social justice (http://africa.rights.apc.org),
has
created an annotated list of a selection of women's organisations using
information and communication technologies (ICTs) as tools to network and
share
information to advance gender equality in Africa.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10014

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14.eNEWSLETTERS AND MAILING LISTS

DEBATE - VOICES FROM THE SOUTH AFRICAN LEFT
A discussion list arising from the journal of the same name. The list is for
anyone "interested in developing critical insights on class composition,
struggles and resistance in South Africa in the broader context of
globalized
capitalism.". "...it is by no means confined to experts on South Africa; it
rather aims to locate the contents of 'Debate' in the broader worldwide
confrontation against neo-liberalism." To subscribe send an email to
[log in to unmask]
Leave the Subject line blank. In the Message area put:
subscribe debate [your EMail address]
Contact: [log in to unmask]

NEW AIDS INFORMATION PORTAL DUE FOR LAUNCH
http://www.afroaidsinfo.org/
The Medical Research Council (MRC) in collaboration with several partners is
in
the process of establishing an Internet information portal on HIV/AIDS for
Southern Africa. The portal will provide a unique knowledge resource to
facilitate collaboration and knowledge sharing among institutions and
individuals in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa.

37 AFRICAN MAILING LISTS HOSTED ON KABISSA
http://www.kabissa.org/members/bb/viewtopic.php?t=177
Email Mailing Lists are a powerful tool used by non-profit organisations
worldwide to promote their work, keep in touch with their networks,
collaborate
on projects and share information and experiences. Lists are particularly
important for the many African organisations that work under conditions
where
access to the internet is often expensive and intermittent. You are invited
to
join lists hosted on Kabissa. African organizations that register as Kabissa
members are also eligible for setting up their own Mailing Lists on Kabissa.

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15.FUNDRAISING

MOZAMBIQUE AND NAMIBIA: CANADA PLEDGES US$ 900,000 FOR VITAL LANDMINE
CLEARANCE
http://www.africapulse.net/index.php?
action=viewarticle&articleid=358&PHPSESSID=5d0101cc7515f47d495d4fff98921fd9
Canada will contribute about US$ 900,000 for vital landmine clearance in
Mozambique and to support landmine victims in Namibia. Susan Whelan,
Canada's
minister for international cooperation, made the announcement in Mozambique
during a visit.

NIGERIA: WORLD BANK APPROVES $100M FOR UBE
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209170247.html
The Board of the World Bank has approved a $100 million credit facility for
the
Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme in Nigeria. The Federal Government
is
contributing a counterpart fund of $13 million to the project.

SOUTH AFRICA: DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT INJECTS R1.5 MILLION FOR HOME
OF
HOPE
http://www.thusanang.org.za/index.php?option=news&task=viewarticle&sid=95
Minister of Social Development, Zola Skweyiya and the executive mayor of
Thswane, have launched a centre for abused children in Pretoria. Gauteng MEC
for Social Welfare Services, Angie Matshego also attended the event.

SOUTH AFRICA: LOTTERIES BOARD HIGHLY CRITICAL OF REPORT
http://www.thusanang.org.za/index.php?option=news&task=viewarticle&sid=100
In a recent press statement, the National Lotteries Board responds to the
newly
released report – “Smoke and Mirrors”- which looks at the National Lottery
and
the role of the Board. The report was commissioned by the Non Profit
Partnership (NPP) and researched by the Centre for Civil Society (CCS).

SOUTH AFRICA: LOTTO CONTROVERSY IS SET TO DEEPEN
http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?
click_id=196&art_id=ct20020914201346472L300623&set_id=1
Questions are being raised over the legality of the process of distribution
of
lottery funds to charities and good causes. At the same time, the Minister
for
Social Development, Zola Skweyiya, this week poured cold water on a plan by
Uthingo, the company granted a licence to operate the lottery, to introduce
daily draws in November.

SOUTH AFRICA: MMINO – SOUTH AFRICAN – NORWEGIAN EDUCATION AND MUSIC
PROGRAMME
CALLS FOR APPLICATIONS
http://www.thusanang.org.za/index.php?option=news&task=viewarticle&sid=99
Mmino is a funding programme aimed at supporting the development of music in
South Africa. Funding is available for Music and Education Projects.

UGANDA: IMF SETS STIFF TERMS FOR NEW AID
http://allafrica.com/stories/200209180149.html
The International Monetary Fund has set tough conditions for Uganda under a
new
aid deal approved last week by the fund's board. Among the terms that came
with
a $17.8m (Shs 32bn) aid support is a requirement that the government submits
to
the Cabinet a plan to reduce its expenditure by 31 December.

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16.COURSES, SEMINARS, AND WORKSHOPS

GENDER EVALUATION METHODOLOGY (GEM) WORKSHOP
Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, 23-31st October
http://www.apcwomen.org/gem
The Gender Evaluation Methodology (GEM) for ICT initiatives and ICT
evaluation
is an innovative gender analysis tool produced by the APC Women's Networking
Support Programme (APC WNSP) for practitioners who share a commitment to
gender
equality and women's empowerment in ICTs. GEM provides a means for
determining
whether ICTs are really improving women's lives and gender relations as well
as
promoting positive change at the individual, institutional, community and
broader social levels.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

HUMAN RIGHTS LITIGATION IN AFRICA
14-16 October 2002 Banjul, The Gambia.
http://www.africaninstitute.org
The Institute for Human Rights and Development in Africa and the
International
Commission of Jurists will organise a workshop on human rights litigation in
Africa. The bilingual (English/French) workshop will address issues critical
to
human rights litigation at both the national and international levels, such
as
funding for litigation, locus stand, assessing impartiality of the court and
other fair trial issues, press strategies in relation to litigation, and use
of
international treaties.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

INTERNATIONAL AIDS CONFERENCE
A conference on HIV/AIDS will take place in Gaborone, Botswana, between 12
and
14 November. The conference has been arranged to give you the opportunity to
learn from the successes, to engage with the presenters, and to find
solutions
for your country, in your business and in your organisation.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10026

MEN AGAINST GENDER BASED VIOLENCE CONFERENCE
Kenya 10 October 2002
In partnership with the Presbyterian Men Fellowship Kinoo Parish, Kenya and
the
Coalition on Violence Against Women-Kenya (COVAW-K), FEMNET will conduct a
one
day conference to sensitise Kenyan male gender activists and advocates in
order
to create a critical mass of men who support the empowerment of women and
principals of gender equality, development and human rights. Participants
will
be drawn from universities, religious organisations, professional groups and
the media.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

PARTNERSHIP WITH THE MEDIA: A STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS COURSE FOR NGOS IN
NORTHERN NIGERIA
The Media Resource and Advocacy Centre (MRAC), Lagos Nigeria, announces the
final in its series of regional strategic communications training course
aimed
at equipping NGO activists with skills in health promotion, advocacy and
general publicity for development programs and projects. The course will
take
place between 25-26 May, 2003 in Kaduna, Nigeria.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10051

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17.ADVOCACY RESOURCES

ACT NOW TO PROTECT THE INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
http://web.amnesty.org/web/icc_petition.nsf/action_english
The new system of international justice, which came about with the creation
of
the International Criminal Court (ICC), is under attack. The USA is trying
to
ensure that US nationals are exempt from ICC jurisdiction over genocide,
crimes
against humanity and war crimes. Join Amnesty International members and sign
a
petition urging all governments not to enter into the impunity agreements
that
the US is promoting.

NIGERIA: PROTEST STONING SENTENCE
http://www.mertonai.org/amina/
Amina Lawal has been sentenced to death by stoning - she is to buried up to
her
neck in the ground, after which her punishers will surround her and throw
rocks
at her head until her skull is crushed and she dies a painful and horrible
death. She has only thirty days to appeal her trial. Please go to the
Amnesty
International site, www.mertonai.org/amina/ and sign the letter addressed to
the President of Nigeria. It literally takes one minute, and could help to
save
her life, as well as put an end to this kind of cruel and disgraceful
practice.

PUSH FOR A BAN ON LAND MINES
The Clinton Administration had promised the ratification of the 1997 Mine
Ban
Treaty by 2006. However, last year the Department of Defense, with input
from
the State Department and the National Security Council, recommended to
President Bush that the US abandon all efforts toward signing the Treaty and
banning landmines. Write to US politicians urging them to move forward with
the
banning of land mines.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10101

SUPPORT OF A GENDER-BALANCED AND SENSITIVE STAFF FOR THE TRUTH AND
RECONCILIATION COMMISSION IN SIERRA LEONE
http://www.witness.org
In the aftermath of the mass atrocities in Sierra Leone, the United Nations
has
passed a resolution to set up a Special Court for the prosecution of human
rights violations, as well as a Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC).
Write to the UN Secretary General, the President and Attorney General of
Sierra
Leone, and the UN High Commissioner of Human Rights urging them to ensure
that
the staff of both bodies are gender-balanced and experienced in dealing with
cases of sexual violence.

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18.JOBS

BUJUMBURA RURALE PROVINCE: DEPUTY DIRECTOR
International Rescue Committee
http://www.fpa.org/jobs_contact2423/jobs_contact_show.htm?doc_id=121174
IRC activities in Bujumbura Rurale Province cover seven core sites and
consist
of environmental health (including water and sanitation and hygiene
promotion),
construction and non-formal education.

COTE D'IVOIRE: COUNTRY DIRECTOR
American Refugee Committee (ARC)
http://www.comminit.com/vacancy972.html
Host governments, and international and national organizations; develop new
programs; manage security and personnel. Liaise with Headquarters and
oversee
the establishment and implementation of program objectives, activities,
evaluations and assessments. English and French fluency required.

ETHIOPIA: COUNTRY DIRECTOR
International Rescue Committee
http://www.comminit.com/vacancy976.html
Responsible for all aspects of donor grants awarded to IRC Ethiopia, which
includes initial negotiation and contract compliance. Oversee all human
resource, financial and logistical responsibilities. Previous supervisory
responsibility of a field office and a staff of over 50 required.

GUINEA: PROGRAM OFFICER
The IRC
http://www.fpa.org/jobs_contact2423/jobs_contact_show.htm?doc_id=121453
The aim of the position is to gain experience in a wide range of field
conditions including various aspects of program management and
implementation,
cultural and field conditions, technical support and activities.

KENYA: COUNTRY COORDINATOR
University Of Nairobi
http://www.comminit.com/vacancy1008.html
The Project currently seeks to expand its geographic scope and establish
effective HIV programmes through local implementing partners within Kenya.
This
is a new position. It will be key in ensuring the development, adjustment
and
implementation of gender-sensitive HIV programmes with local partners.

KENYA: TECHNICAL OFFICER, CAPACITY BUILDING
University Of Nairobi
http://www.comminit.com/vacancy1007.html
The Strengthening STD/HIV Control in Kenya Project seeks to reduce the
incidence and mitigate the impact of STD/HIV in Kenya. Responsible for the
implementation of the capacity building component of the Project.

MOZAMBIQUE: COUNTRY DIRECTOR
Christian Outreach Relief & Development (CORD)
http://www.comminit.com/vacancy978.html
Required to manage projects, policy and personnel on a community development
programme and health projects.
Contact: [log in to unmask]

SIERRA LEONE: COUNTRY DIRECTOR
American Refugee Committee (ARC)
http://www.comminit.com/vacancy971.html
Ensure that the program has a well functioning financial/administrative
capacity; act in the Country Director's absence as needed and as directed. 3
-
5 years overseas experience in high-level management for at least one NGO,
including on the ground experience with programs.

SOUTHERN AFRICA: REGIONAL MEDIA AND ADVOCACY COORDINATOR
Oxfam GB
http://www.fpa.org/jobs_contact2423/jobs_contact_show.htm?doc_id=109132
We are looking for a highly energetic and motivated professional to support
the
development and delivery of a regional advocacy, campaign and media
strategy.
The postholder will be based within the Regional Management Centre in
Pretoria,
South Africa.

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19.BOOKS AND ARTS

A GUIDE TO WORLD RESOURCES 2002-2004: DECISIONS FOR THE EARTH: BALANCE,
VOICE,
AND POWER
Carol Rosen, Gregory Mock, Wendy Vanasselt
http://pubs.wri.org/pubs_description.cfm?PubID=3764
World Resources 2002-2004 focuses on the importance of good environmental
governance. We explore how citizens, government managers, and business
owners
can foster better environmental decisions -- decisions that meet the needs
of
both ecosystems and people with equity and balance.

BOOK FESTIVAL TO BRING READERS, WRITERS AND BOOKSELLERS CLOSER TOGETHER
http://www.africaonline.com/site/Articles/1,10,49200.jsp
The Third Arusha Book festival is being held from 16 to 21 September at the
Arusha Regional Library premises. The festival, supported by the Book
Development Council of Tanzania, is aimed at cultivating the habit of
reading
books among the youth and public in general.

I REFUSE TO DIE
Koigi Wa Wamwere
http://www.powells.com/subsection/BiographyComingSoon.html
I Refuse to Die is political activist Koigi wa Wamwere's account of his life
in
the human rights movement. In it, he documents the injustices committed
under
British rule and President Moi's oppressive regime, and he celebrates the
Kenyan people's ongoing struggle for survival and human dignity. Born in
Nakuru, Kenya, in 1949, wa Wamwere attended Cornell University, where he was
inspired by the writings of Martin Luther King Jr. He returned to Kenya to
push
for change, first as a member of parliament and then as a journalist. Wa
Wamwere ran for president in 1997, but his outspoken criticism of Kenya's
human
rights record incurred the anger of the Kenyan government who imprisoned him
four times. Now living in New York, wa Wamwere continues to speak out for
democracy in Africa. With 16 pages of black-and-white photographs, this is a
moving autobiography by one of Africa's leading human rights advocates.

NEW CURRENTS, ANCIENT RIVERS: CONTEMPORARY AFRICAN ARTISTS IN A GENERATION
OF
CHANGE
Jean Kennedy
http://www.africancrafts.com/book.php?
sid=71494811544154822663697554147407&id=jkennedy
Although modern African literature and music have become well known in the
West, through the contributions of such famous authors as Chinua Achebe and
Bessie Head and such popular musicians as King Sunny Ade and Ladysmith Black
Mambazo, the continent's vast body of modern visual arts has been little
explored. In New Currents, Ancient Rivers Jean Kennedy surveys African art
of
the last forty years, offering an expansive perspective on the visual arts
of
the continent. Just as ancient rivers flow through the modern African
landscape, so too do the rituals and traditions of the past run deeply
through
modern African art. The past is able to coexist in vibrant synthesis with
the
present largely because of a critical constant in African culture, the
acceptance of change.

THERE IS AN ALTERNATIVE
Edited By Veronika Bennholdt-Thomsen, Nicholas Faraclas And Claudia Von
Werlhof
http://www.zedbooks.demon.co.uk/home.htm
In this book a group of distinguished authors explodes the defeatist myth
that ‘there is no alternative’ to corporate sponsored globalization.
Theoreticians and activists from feminist, environmental, anti-imperialist
and
anti-racist struggles across five continents report on existing
community-based
initiatives, and demonstrate how we can all defy the creed of corporate
globalization.

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20.LETTERS AND COMMENTS

DENNIS BRUTUS
50 Years Is Enough/Jubilee South Africa
A further comment anent the great march from Alex to Sandton. The gathering
of
multiple voices, multiple concerns and multiple demands at Speakers Corner,
Sandton, was the new face of the new struggle. It is the face of resistance
that will confront the new corporate power which threatens us globally. It
comes at the necessary time. European power theorists are discussing
worriedly,
as they did at a recent meeting during the World Summit, "The future of
Multilateralism". But in the U.S. talk of a new and greater unilateralism
(under terms as various as "the grand strategy" or "the breakout strategy")
which will greatly diminish national sovereignty and give the United States,
as
the all over-ruling power the right of pre-emptive and preventive strikes
anywhere in the world, not merely to terrorist threats but also to any power
which might threaten the superiority of the United States. It is for this
reason that the new face of resistance comes at a necessary time.

DOREEN MUSSON
South Africa
I loved reading your journal the first time and will enjoy doing so in
future.
It's excellent reading.

MALICK CEESAY
Sustainable International Development Program, Heller Graduate School For
Social Policy And Management, Brandeis University
I would like to thank the fine women and men of Pambazuka, who very
skilfully
design such a comprehensive newsletter of information on all issues
affecting
Mother Africa.

Your work impacts not only on Africa, but on global issues of immense
concerns
and shared values, in the interests of mankind. I am a practitioner in
International Peace and Conflict Resolution, Electoral Assistance and
Democratisation, Humanitarian and Sustainable Development around the world.

I salute your commitment and dedication to making humanity and our beautiful
planet a much better place in which to live. No doubts, through our
individual
and collective efforts and endeavours, we can make a difference around the
world regardless of geographical location(s).

God bless you all and please kindly keep up the wonderful work for the sake
of
humanity.

ORGANIZATIONS URGE INCREASE IN FUNDING FOR GLOBAL HIV/AIDS RESPONSE

On behalf of the organizations listed below that support the highest level
of
funding possible from the U.S. government to address the global HIV/AIDS
pandemic, we are writing to urge you to vote YES on the Pelosi amendment to
increase funding for the global HIV/AIDS response. Congresswoman Pelosi's
amendment would increase funding for the global effort by $400 million - an
additional $200 million for the global HIV/AIDS programs at the U.S. Agency
for
International Development and an additional $200 million for the Global Fund
to
Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.
Further details: http://www.pambazuka.org/newsletter.php?id=10017

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THIS NEWSLETTER IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY FAHAMU, KABISSA, AND SANGONET
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P O Box 31
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South Africa
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Next WASAN meeting is Wednesday, September 25, 2002. Location: Safeco Jackson Street Center, E Main between 23 & 24, Suite 200, Seattle
7:30 pm Business meeting (everyone is welcome).

We usually meet the fourth Wednesday of the month. For a calendar of local Africa events see http://www.ibike.org/africamatters/calendar.htm .  To post a message: [log in to unmask]  To subscribe send a message to [log in to unmask]  To unsubscribe send a message to [log in to unmask] . All past postings are archived at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/wa-afr-network

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